Neutrality and External Relations: The Case of Austria

Abstract

Since there exists no theory of neutrality, this article concentrates on empirical data for a better understanding of the concept of neutrality. First, quantitative indicators for Austria's external behavior are given. They describe it along three dimensions: geographical scope, activity-passivity, and symmetry-asymmetry. Secondly, two case studies (on integration policy and transfer of technology) analyze Austria's decision- making in its relations to the Superpowers. By juxtaposing the findings it is shown that the indicator on the exchange of official visits reacts more strongly to the changes of Austria's relations to the Superpowers. The indicator of Austria's voting behavior in the UN points to a more stable position of Austria between the Superpowers.