In every polity, development policy choices often remain either implicit or largely ignored. Whereas economic growth can be measured with some precision, development policy choices continue to constitute an inadequately defined and residual category. This article compares development policy since the 1970s within two very different policy systems: the southeastern American state of Alabama, and the western Caribbean island of Jamaica. After reappraising the validity of such “most different systems” designs, within the context of state-society structure, it further reviews the ambiguous nexus between economic growth and sociopolitical development. Subsequently, it singles out state policy toward private enterprise, and public-private sector interaction, as primary points of departure for an exploration of comparative development policy choice and implementation.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
ADELMAN, I. (1980) “Economic development and political change in developing countries.”Social Research47 (Summer).
2.
Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations (1981) Annual Report. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
3.
Alabama Department of Industrial Resources (1987) Employment Trends In Alabama. Montgomery, AL: Author.
4.
Alabama Development Office (1977) Guiding Growth In Alabama. Montgomery, AL: Author.
5.
ALBRITTON, R. B. (1983) “Subsidies, welfare and transportation,” in V. Gray (ed.) Politics In the American States: A Comparative Analysis. Boston: Little, Brown.
6.
ALMOND, G. and S. GENCO (1977) Clocks, Clouds and the Study of Politics. Boston: Little, Brown.
7.
ALMOND, G. A. and S. VERBA (1980) The Civic Culture Revisited. Boston: Little, Brown.
8.
ANDERSON, A. and S. BARNES (1974) “The dominant party system: a neglected model of democratic stability.”J. of Politics36 (August).
9.
AYUB, M. 1981) Made In Jamaica: The Development of the Manufacturing Sector. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Univ. Press.
10.
BAKLANOFF, E. and W. BENNETT (1981) “Foreign-based investments in Alabama.”Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama, Graduate School of Business and Economic Research; Alabama International Trade Center.
11.
BARADAT, L. P. (1979) Political Ideologies. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
12.
BARNES, R. (1978) “Shaping economic growth through industrial development.”Montgomery: Alabama Development Office, Alabama Economic Outlook.
13.
BAUER, P. (1984) Reality and Rhetoric: Studies in the Economics of Development. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press.
14.
BELL, D. (1971) “The cultural contradictions of capitalism,” in D. Bell and I. Kristol, Capitalism Today. New York: Mentor.
15.
BENJAMIN, R. and R. DUVALL (1982) “The capitalist state in context.”Minneapolis: Univ. of Minnesota. (mimeo)
16.
BENTLEY, A. F. (1908) The Process of Government. Bloomington, IN: Principia.
17.
BINDER, L. , L. PYE, J. COLEMAN, S. VERBA, J. LaPALOMBARA, and M. WEINER (1971) Crises and Sequences in Political Development. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press.
18.
BIROU, A. , P.-M. HENRY, and J. P. SCHLEGEL (1977) Towards a Redefinition of Development in an International Perspective. New York: Pergamon.
19.
BLACKBURN, J. (1978) “Alabama education,” in Alabama Issues. Auburn, AL: Auburn University, Office of Public Service and Research.
20.
BLONDEL, J. (1969) An Introduction to Comparative Government. London: Weidenfield & Nicolson.
21.
BOSSIERE, M. , J. B. KNIGHT, and R. H. SABOT (1985) “Earnings, schooling, ability and cognitive skills.”Amer. Econ. Rev.75-5 (December): 1016-1030.
22.
BROCK, D. (1987) “Municipal hue and cry makes foreign policy waves.”Insight (April 6): 18.
23.
CAMPBELL, D. T. (1975) “ `Degrees of freedom' and the case study.”Comparative Pol. Studies8: 178-194.
24.
CAPORASO, J. A. (1980) “Dependency theory: continuities and discontinuities in development studies.”Int. Organization34 (Autumn).
25.
Caribbean Contact (1985) March 3: 5.
26.
Caribbean Insight (1985) July: 2.
27.
CARR, E. H. (1964) The Twenty Year's Crisis. New York: Harper & Row.
28.
CASSELL, C. (1979) “Changes in electoral participation in the South.”J. of Politics41: 907-917.
29.
Center for Business and Economic Research (1982) Economic Abstract of Alabama. Tuscaloosa: Univ. of Alabama Press.
30.
COOTE, B. (1985) Debt and Poverty: A Case Study of Jamaica. Oxford: Oxfam, Public Affairs Unit.
31.
DAVIS, C. (1978) “Some aspects of the world aluminium industry and Jamaica's strategy for the local industry.”Jamaica Bauxite Industry Digest3 (March): 1-17.
32.
DAVIS, R. (1979) “Planning education for employment.” Development Discussion Paper 60, Harvard Institute for International Development.
33.
Department of Economic and Community Affairs (1983) County and City Data Book. Montgomery, AL: Author.
34.
De SCHWEINITZ, K., Jr. (1965) “Economics and the underdeveloped economies.”Amer. Behavioral Scientist9 (September).
35.
DEUTSCH, K. (1966) Nationalism and Social Communication. Cambridge: MIT Press.
36.
DOLBEARE, K. (1986) Democracy At Risk: The Politics of Economic Renewal. Chatham, NJ: Chatham House.
37.
DORE, R. P. (1966) The Diploma Disease: Education, Qualification and Development. Berkeley: Univ. of California Press.
38.
The Economist (1986) “Party pranks.”August 23: 25.
39.
ELAZAR, D. J. (1966) American Federalism: A View from the States. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell.
40.
FARNEY, D. (May 27, 1986) “Alabama gubernatorial race could determine fate of a populist movement started by Wallace.”Wall Street J., p. 62.
41.
FEIERABEND, I. , R. FEIERABEND, and B. NESVOLD (1969) “Social change and political violence: cross national patterns,” in H. Graham and T. Gurr (eds.) Violence in America: Historical and Comparative Perspectives. New York: Bantam.
42.
FRIEDMAN, M. (1962) Capitalism and Freedom. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press.
43.
GALBRAITH, J. K. (1973) Economics and the Public Purpose. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
44.
GAYLE, D. J. (1986) The Small Developing State: Comparing Political Economies in Costa Rica, Singapore and Jamaica. Brookfield, VT: Gower.
45.
GAYLE, D.J. and T.M. GUNTHER (1983) Towards Economic Development for Alabama: New Perspectives. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama, Center for Administrative and Policy Studies.
46.
GRAFTON, C. and A. PERMALOFF (1981) “Legislative support for the Alabama executive: recurring patterns and changing forces.” Presented at the annual meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association, Cincinnati.
47.
HACKEY, S. (1961) “Southern violence.”Amer. Historical Rev.74.
48.
HACKEY, S. (1969) Populism to Progressivism in Alabama. Princeton NJ: Princeton Univ. Press.
49.
HARDEE, B. (1983) Legislative and Citizen Attitudes About Public Issues in Alabama. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama, Center for Administrative and Policy Studies.
50.
HENRIQUES, F. (1968) Family and Colour in Jamaica. London: MacGibbon & Kie.
51.
HIBBS, D. (1973) Mass Political Violence: A Cross-National Causal Analysis. New York: John Wiley.
52.
HIRSCH, F. (1976) Social Limits To Growth. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press.
53.
HIRSCHMAN, A. (1970) “The search for paradigms as an hindrance to understanding.”World Politics (April): 329-343.
54.
HOLT, R. and J. TURNER (1975) “Crises and sequences in collective theory development.”Amer. Pol. Sci. Rev.69 (3): 979-994.
55.
HUNTINGTON, S. P. (1968) Political Order in Changing Societies. New Haven, CT: Yale Univ. Press.
56.
HUNTINGTON, S. and J. NELSON (1976) No Easy Choice: Political Participation in Developing Countries. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press.
57.
IBD (1983-1984; 1986) Economic and Social Progress in Latin America. Washington DC: Inter-American Development Bank.
58.
IBRD (1978-1986) World Development Report. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press.
59.
JONES, E. (1975) “Tendencies and change in Caribbean administrative systems.”Social and Economic Studies (June).
60.
KAUFMAN, M. (1985) Jamaica Under Manley. London: Zed Books.
61.
KEY, V. O. (1949) Southern Politics in State and Nation. New York: Knopf.
62.
KILPATRICK, A. (October 30, 1984) “Oil price cuts slow pace of state tax revenue ticker.”Birmingham Post Herald, p. 25.
63.
KITCHING, G. (1983) Development and Underdevelopment in Historical Perspective. New York: Methuen.
64.
KOHN, H. (1967) The Idea of Nationalism: A study in Its Origins and Background. New York: Macmillan.
65.
KRASNER, S. (1978) Defending the National Interest: Raw Materials Investments and U.S. Foreign Policy. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press.
66.
KUZNETS, S. (1960) “Economic growth of small nations,” in E. A. Robinson, Economic Consequences of the Size of Nations. London: Macmillan.
67.
LAMIS, A. (1984) The Two Party South. New York: Oxford Univ. Press.
68.
LEATHERS, C. C. (1978) “Taxation and revenue,” in Alabama Issues. Auburn, AL: Auburn University, Office of Public Service and Research.
69.
LEONTIEF, W. (1963) “The structure of development.”Scientific Amer. (September): 23-35.
70.
LEWIS, A. (1955) The Theory of Economic Growth. London: Allen & Unwin.
71.
LIDDELL, V. (1982) With A Southern Accent. Tuscaloosa: Univ. of Alabama Press.
72.
LITTLE, I.M.D. (1982) Economic Development: Theory, Policy and International Relations. New York: Basic Books.
73.
LITVAK, I. and C. MAULE (1980) “The international bauxite agreement: a commodity cartel in action.”Int. Affairs56 (Spring): 296-314.
74.
LUSKIN, R. (1987) “Measuring political sophistication.”Amer. J. of Pol. Sci. (November).
75.
MANLEY, M. (1974) The Politics of Change. London: Andrew Deutsch.
76.
MARTIN, D. (1985) Alabama's State and Local Governments. Tuscaloosa: Univ. of Alabama Press.
77.
MECKSTROTH, T. (1975) “`Most different systems' and `most similar systems': a study in the logic of comparative inquiry.”Comparative Pol. Studies8: 132-157.
78.
MILIBAND, R. (1969) The State in Capitalist Society. New York: Basic Books.
79.
The Money Index (1986) No. 22. Kingston, Jamaica: May 20.
80.
MOREHOUSE, S. (1981) State Politics, Parties and Policy. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
81.
National Planning Agency (1976, 1980) Social and Economic Survey. Kingston, Jamaica: Government Printer.
82.
National Planning Agency (1980-1985) Economic and Social Survey. Kingston, Jamaica: Government Printer.
83.
OKUN, A. (1975) Equality and Efficiency: The Big Trade Off. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.
84.
OLSON, M. (1983) The Rise and Decline of Nations: Economic Growth, Stagflation and Social Rigidities. New Haven: Yale Univ. Press.
85.
Peoples National Party (1979) Principles and Objectives. Kingston, Jamaica (adopted at the 40th Annual Conference, September 1978).
86.
PILEGGE, J. C., Jr. (1978) Taxing and Spending: Alabama's Budget in Transition. Tuscaloosa: Univ. of Alabama Press.
87.
POULANTZAS, N. (1975) Classes in Contemporary Capitalism. London: New Left Books.
88.
PRZEWORSKI, A. and H. TEUNE (1970) The Logic of Comparative Social Inquiry. New York: John Wiley.
89.
RANNEY, A. (1968) “The study of policy content: a framework for choice,” in A. Ranney (ed.) Political Science and Public Policy. Chicago: Markham.
90.
RANNEY, A. (1976) “Parties in state politics,” pp. 51-92 in H. Jacob and K. Vines (eds.) Politics in the American States: A Comparative Analysis. Boston: Little, Brown.
91.
REID, S. (1977) “An introductory approach to the concentration of power in the Jamaican corporate economy and notes on its origins,” in C. Stone and A. Brown (eds.) Essays on Power and Change in Jamaica. Kingston, Jamaica: Institute for Social and Economic Research.
92.
REINSHUTTLE, R. (1983) Economic Development: A Survey of State Activities. Lexington, KY: Council of State Governments.
93.
ROBERTS, G. K. (1972) What is Comparative Politics?London: Macmillan.
94.
ROSE, R. (1981) “What, if anything, is wrong with big government?”J. of Public Policy1: 5-36.
95.
ROSE, R. (1983) “Thinking about public sector growth: conceptual, operational, theoretical and policy considerations,” in C. Taylor (ed.) Why Governments Grow: Measuring Public Sector Size. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
96.
SANDBROOK, R. (1976) “The crisis in political development theory.”J. of Development Studies12 (January): 165-184.
97.
SCEBRA, J. B. (1978) “Education finance,” in Alabama Issues. Auburn, AL: Auburn University, Office of Public Service and Research.
98.
SCHNEIDER, P. and A. SCHNEIDER (1971) “Social mobilization, political institutions and political violence: a cross-national analysis.”Comparative Pol. Studies4: 69-90.
99.
SEAGA, E. (1981) “Parliamentary democracy in the Caribbean.”Kingston: Agency for Public Information.
100.
SHARKANSKY, I. (1972) The Maligned States: Policy Accomplishments, Problems and Opportunities. New York: McGraw-Hill.
101.
SIGELMAN, L. (1976) “The quality of administration: an exploration in the American states.”Administration and Society8: 107-144.
102.
SINGER, H. (1964) International Development: Growth and Change. New York: McGraw-Hill.
103.
STEPHENS, E. and J. STEPHENS (1986) Democratic Socialism in Jamaica. London: Macmillan.
104.
STONE, C. (1980) Democracy and Clientelism in Jamaica. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Books.
105.
STONE, C. (1981) “Jamaica's 1980 elections.”Caribbean Rev.10 (Spring): 4-7.
106.
STONE, C. (1983) “The Jamaican reaction: Grenada and the political stalemate.”Caribbean Rev.12-4.
107.
STONE, C. (April 13, 1987a) “Comparing the 1970s and the late 1980s.”Jamaican Weekly Gleaner.
108.
STONE, C. (1987b) “Running out of options in Jamaica: Seaga and Manley compared.”Caribbean Review3 (Winter): 31-32.
109.
STRANGE, S. (1985) “Protectionism and world politics.”Int. Organization (Spring): 232-259.
110.
STREETEN, P. (1981) Development Perspectives. London: Macmillan.
111.
STREETEN, P. (1983) “Twenty-one arguments for public enterprise,” pp. 124-136 in K. Haq (ed.) Global Development: Issues and Choices. Washington DC: North-South Roundtable of the Society for International Development.
112.
STRONG, D. (1972) “Alabama: transition and alienation,” in W. C. Havard (ed.) The Changing Politics of the South. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State Univ. Press.
113.
TARSCHYS, D. (1975) “The growth of public expenditures: nine modes of explanation.”Scandinavian Pol. Studies10: 9-31.
114.
The Tax Foundation (1983) Monthly Tax Features 27-4. Washington, DC: Author.
115.
THOMAS, J. D. (1974) Government in Alabama. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama, Bureau of Public Administration, Citizen Information Report 13.
116.
TRUMAN, D. (1971) The Governmental Process. New York: Knopf.
117.
UL HAQ, M. (1976) The Poverty Curtain: Choices for the Third World. New York: Columbia Univ. Press.
118.
U.S. Bureau of the Census (1980, 1986) Statistical Abstract of the United States, 1980. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
119.
U.S. Equal Opportunity Commission Report (1980) State and Local Government Information. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
120.
WHEAT, J. (January 13, 1983) “Tax setup keeping state poor.”Tuscaloosa News.
121.
WIENER, J. M. (1979) “Class structure and economic development in the American South, 1865-1955.”Amer. Historical Rev.84.
122.
WILDAVSKY, A. (1979) Speaking Truth to Power: The Art and Craft of Policy Analysis. Boston: Little, Brown.
123.
WILDAVSKY, A. (1985) “The logic of public sector growth,” in J.-E. Lane, State and Market: The Politics of the Public and the Private. London: Sage.
124.
WINCH, P. (1958) The Idea of Social Science and its Relation to Philosophy. New York: Humanities Press.
125.
ZUMPANO, L. and D. CHENG (1978) “Alabama's tax structure: a study of the tax capacity, tax effort, incidence and future revenue potential of the state and local tax system.”Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama, Center for Business and Economic Research.
