Acute renal failure is a complicated disturb ance, which taxes the clinical skills of the physi cian. This paper reviews the metabolic derange ments, the principles of treatment, the conse quences, and the advances recently made in our understanding of the pathophysiology and man agement of acute renal failure.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Oliver, J., MacDowell, M., and Tracey, A.: The pathogenesis of acute renal failure associated with traumatic and toxic injury: renal ischemia, nephrotoxic damage and the ischemuric episode. J. Clin. Invest.30: 1307, 1951.
2.
Edelman, C.: Acute renal failure. In Pediatrics, Barnett, H., Ed., 15th ed. New York, Appleton-Century-Crofts Publishers, 1972, pp. 1463-65.
3.
Johnson, W.J.: Principles of management of acute renal failure. In Renal Failure , Brest, A. N. and Meyer, J. H., Eds. Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott Co., 1967, pp. 273-80.
4.
Walker, W.G.: Acute suppression of urine formation. In The Principles and Practice of Medicine, Harvey et al., Ed., 17th ed. New York, Appleton-Century-Crofts Publishers, 1968, pp. 136-42.
5.
Piel, C.F., and Phibbs, R.H.: The hemolytic-uremic syndrome. Pediatr. Clin. North Am.13: 295, 1966.
6.
Chan, J.C.M. , Eleff, M.G., and Campbell , R.A.: The hemolytic-uremic syndrome in nonrelated adopted siblings. J. Pediatr.75: 1050, 1969.
7.
Lieberman, E. , Heuser, E., Donnell, G.N., Landing, B.H., and Hammond, D.: Hemolytic-uremic syndrome. N Engl. J. Med275: 227, 1966.
8.
Swan, R.C., and Merrill, J.P.: Clinical course of acute renal failure. Medicine32: 215, 1953.
9.
Bolslov, J.T. , and Jorgensen, H.E.: A survey of 489 patients with acute anuric renal insufficiency: causes, complications and mortality. Am. J. Med.34: 753, 1963.
10.
Repetto, H.A. , Lewy, J.E., Braudo, J.L., and Metcoff, J.: The renal functional aspects of furosemide in children with acute glomerulonephritis. J. Pediatr.80: 660, 1972.
11.
Retan, J.W. : Furosemide in treatment of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. J. South. Med. Assoc.62: 157, 1969.
12.
Uefferman, R.C., Jaenike, J.R., Freeman, R.B., Pabico, R.C., and Dickstein , C.D.: Effects of furosemide in experimental acute renal failure. Clin. Res.21: 711, 1973 (abstract).
13.
Berlyne, G.M. , Bazzard, F.J., Booth, E.M., Janabi, K., and Shaw, A.B.: The dietary treatment of acute renal failure . Q. J. Med.36: 59, 1967.
14.
Abel, R.M., Beck, C.H., Abbott, W.M., Ryan, J.A., Barnett, G.O., and Fisher, J.E.: Improved survival from acute renal failure after treatment with intravenous essential L-amino acids and glucose. N Engl. J. Med.288: 695, 1973.
15.
Abel, R.M., Abbott, W.M., and Fisher, J.E.: Intravenous essential L-amino acid and hypertonic dextrose in patients with acute renal failure. Am. J. Surg.123: 632, 1972 .
16.
Chan, W., Wang, W., Swenseid, M., and Kopple, J.D.: Urea cycle enzymes in uremic rats. Fed. Proc.32: 921, 1973 (abstract).
17.
Chan, J.C.M. : Dietary management of renal failure in infants and children. Clin. Pediatr. 12: 707, 1973.
18.
Schwartz, W.B. , and Kassirer, J.P.: Medical management of chronic renal failure . Am. J. Med.44: 786, 1968.
19.
Bluemle, L.W. Jr., Potter, H.P., and Elkinton , J.R.: Changes in body composition in acute renal failure. J. Clin. Invest.35: 1094, 1956 .
20.
Franklin, S.S. , and Maxwell, M.H.: Acute renal failure. In Clinical Disorders of Fluid and Electrolyte Metabolism, Maxwell, M. H. and Kleeman, C. R., Eds. New York, McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1972.
21.
Merrill, J.P. : The Treatment of Renal Failure, 2nd ed. New York, Grune & Stratton, 1965.
22.
Lieberman, E.: Management of acute renal failure in infants and children. Nephron11: 193, 1973.
23.
Chan, J.C.M. : The influence of synthetic amino acid and casein hydrolysate on the endogenous production and urinary excretion of acid in total intravenous alimentation. Pediatr. Res.6: 789, 1972.
24.
—: The influence of dietary intake on endogenous acid production: theoretical and experimental background. Nutr. Metabol.16: 1, 1974.
25.
Balch, H.H. : The effect of severe battle injury and of posttraumatic renal failure of resistance to infection. Ann. Surg.142: 145, 1955.
26.
Kunin, C.M. : A guide to use of antiobiotics in patients with renal disease. Am. J. Med.67: 151, 1967.
27.
Williams, G.S. , Klenk, E.L., and Winters, R.W.: Acute renal failure in pediatrics. In The Body Fluids in Pediatrics, R. W. Winters, Ed. Boston, Little, Brown and Co., 1972, p. 552.
28.
Chan, J.C.M. , and Campbell, R.A.: Peritoneal dialysis in children: a survey of its indications and applications. Clin. Pediatr. 12: 131, 1973.
