Syndromes of Testicular Feminization

Albright, F. , Burnett, C.H. , Smith, P.H. and Parson, W. : Pseudohypoparathyroidism; an example of "seabright-bantam syndrome." Endocrinology 30: 922, 1942.

Williams, R.H. and Henry, C. : Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus; transmitted by females and appearing during infancy in males. Ann. Intern. Med. 27: 84, 1947.

Stanbury, J.B. , Rocmans, P. , Buhler, U.K. and Ochi, Y. : Congenital hypothyroidism with impaired thyroid response to thyrotropin. New Eng. J. Med. 279: 1132, 1968 .

Refetoff, S. , DeWind, L. T. and DeGroot, L. J.: Familial syndrome combining deaf-mutism, stippled epiphyses, goiter and abnormally high PBI; possible target organ refractoriness to thyroid hormone. J. Clin. Endocr. 27: 279, 1967.

Laron, Z. , Pertzelan, A. and Mannheimer, S. : Genetic pituitary dwarfism with high serum concentration of growth hormone; a new inborn error of metabolism? Israel J. Med. Sci. 2: 152, 1966.

Merrimee, T.J. , Rimoin, D.L. , Rabinowitz, D. , Cavalli-Sforza , L.L. and McKusick, V.A. : Metabolic effects of human growth hormone in the African pygmy. Lancet 2: 194, 1968.

Migeon, C.J. , Kenny, F.M. , Kowarski, A. , Snipes, C.A. , Spaulding, J.S. , Finkelstein, J.W. and Blizzard, R.M. : The syndrome of congenital adrenocortical unresponsiveness to ACTH; report of six cases. Pediat. Res. 2: 501, 1968.

Bardin, C.W. , Ross, G.T. , Rifkind, A.B. , Cargille, C.M. and Lipsett, M.B. : The occurrence of hypergonadotropism and gonadotropin insensitivity in men with hyposmia, skeletal anomalies and retarded sexual development. Clin. Res. 16: 261, 1968.

Morris, J.M. and Mahesh, V.B. : Further observations on the syndrome, "testicular feminization." Amer. J. Obstet. Gynec. 87: 731, 1963.

Federman, D.D. : Abnormal Sexual Development: A Genetic and Endocrine Approach to Differential Diagnosis. Philadelphia , W. B. Saunders, 1967, p. 108.

Goldberg, M.B. and Maxwell, A.F. : Male pseudohermaphroditism proved by surgical exploration and microscopic examination; a case report with speculations concerning pathogenesis. J. Clin. Endocr. 8: 367, 1948.

Wilkins, L. : The Diagnosis and Treatment of Endocrine Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence . Springfield, Charles C Thomas , 1957, p. 276.

French, F.S. , Baggett, B. , VanWyk, J.J. , Easter-ling, W.E. , Talbert, L.M. , Johnson, F.R. , Forchielli, E. and Dey, A.C. : Further evidence of a target organ defect in the syndrome of testicular feminization. J. Clin. Endocr. 26: 493, 1966.

Wilson, J.D. and Walker, J.D. : The conversion of testosterone to 5α-androstan-17β-ol-3-one (dihydrotestosterone) by skin slices of man. J. Clin. Invest. 48: 371, 1969.

Dorfman, R.I. and Shipley, R.A. : Androgens. New York , John Wiley and Sons, 1956.

Pfeiffer, C.A. : Sexual differences of the hypophyses and their determination by the gonads. Amer. J. Anat. 58: 195, 1936.

Levine, S. and Mullins, R.F. , Jr.: Hormonal influences in brain organization in infant rats. Science 152: 1585, 1966.

Takasugi, N. : Vaginal cornification in persistentestrous mice. Endocrinology 72: 607, 1963.

Edwards, D.A. : Mice; fighting by neonatally androgenized females . Science 161: 1027, 1968.

Money, J. : Influences of hormones on sexual behavior. Ann. Rev. Med. 16: 67, 1965.

Ehrhardt, A.A. , Evers, K. and Money, J. : Influence of androgen and some aspects of sexually dimorphic behavior in women with the late-treated adrenogenital syndrome. Hopkins Med. J. 123: 115, 1968.

Bongiovanni, A.M. and Root, A.W. : Adrenogenital syndrome. New Eng. J. Med. 268: 1283, 1343, 1391, 1963.

Ehrhardt, A.A. , Epstein, R. and Money, J. : Fetal androgens and female gender identity in the early-treated adrenogenital syndrome. Hopkins Med. J. 122: 160, 1968.

Forbes, A.P. : Personal communication.

Money, J. , Ehrhardt, A.A. and Masica, D.N. : Fetal feminization induced by androgen insensitivity in the testicular feminizing syndrome; effect on marriage and maternalism. Hopkins Med. J. 123: 105, 1968.

Federman, D.D. : Abnormal Sexual Development; A Genetic and Endocrine Approach to Differential Diagnosis. Philadelphia , W. B. Saunders, 1967, p. 30.

Rudd, B.T. , Galal, O.M. and Casey, M.D. : Testosterone excretion rates in normal males and males with an XYY complement . J. Med. Genet. 5: 286, 1968.

Court Brown, W.M. : Males with an XYY sex chromosome complement . Ibid. p. 341.

Nydick, M. , Bustos, J. , Dale, J.H. , Jr, and Raw-son, R.A. : Gynecomastia in adolescent boys. JAMA 178: 449, 1961.

Wallach, E.E. and Garcia, C.R. : Familial gynecomastia without hypogonadism; a report of three cases in one family. J. Clin. Endocr. 22: 1201, 1962.

Stenchevor, M.A. , Ng, A.B.P. , Jones, G.K. and Jarvis, J.A. : Testicular feminization syndrome. Obstet. Gynec. 33: 649, 1969.

Northcutt, R.C. , Island, D.P. and Liddle, G.W. : An explanation for the target organ unresponsiveness to testosterone in the testicular feminization syndrome. J. Clin. Endocr. 29: 422, 1969.