The Choice Between Killed- and Live-Virus Poliomyelitis Immunization

CDC Poliomyelitis Surveillance Report No. 268. Sept. 21, 1962.

Langmuir, A.D. : Inactivated virus vaccines: Protective efficacy in poliomyelitis. In Fifth International Conference on Poliomyelitis. Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott Co., pp. 105-114, 1961.

Salk, J.E. : Persistence of immunity following administration of formalin-treated poliovirus vaccine. Ibid., pp. 157-175.

Batson, R. , Christie, A. , Cheatham, W.J. , Michal, M.L. and Sleight, G.W. : Antibody response and survival following booster injections of poliomyelitis (killed-virus) vaccine. Pediatrics 29: 116, 1962.

Lepow, M.L. , Carver, P.H. and Robbins, F.C. : Serologic response of non-immune subjects to commercial Salk vaccine response and antibody persistence with four doses . Amer. J. Dis. Child. 103: 803, 1962.

Warren, R.J. and Robbins, F.C. : Prevention of viral diseases. Pediatrics 30: 862, 1962.

Perkins, F.T. , Yetts, R. and Gaisford, W. : A comparison of the response of 100 infants to primary poliomyelitis immunization with two and with three doses of vaccine . Brit. Med. J. 1: 1083, 1959.

Brown, G.C. and Kendrick, P.L. : Serologic response of infants to a multiple vaccine for simultaneous immunization against diptheria, pertussis, tetanus and poliomyelitis, in relation to the presence of specific maternal antibody. Amer. J. Public Health. 50: 1529, 1960.

Barrett, C.D. , Jr., Mclean, I.W. , Jr., Molner, J.G. , Timm, E.A. and Weiss, C.F. : Multiple antigen immunization of infants against poliomyelitis, diptheria, pertussis and tetanus. Pediatrics 30: 720, 1962.

Hilleman, M.R. , Charney, J. , Tytell, A.A. , Weihl, C. , Cornfeld, D. , Ichter, J.T. , Riley, N.D. , Jr. and Huang , N. : Progress in the Development of a Purified Poliomyelitis Vaccine, in Fifth International Conference on Poliomyelitis. Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott Co., pp. 200-209, 1961.

Fantes, K.H. : Concentration and partial purification of poliomyelitis viruses. J. Hyg. 60: 123, 1962.

Gard, S. : Exit Poliomyelitis—What Next? in "Virology and Epidemiology." Ed. by D. M. Horstmann, Hamden, Conn. Archon. pp. 117-128, 1961.

Dane, D.S. , Dick, G.W.A. , Simpson, D.I.H. , Briggs, E.M. , Mcalister, J. , Nelson, R. and Field, C.M.B. : New quadruple vaccine. Lancet 1: 939, 1962.

Marine, W.M. , Chin, T.D. and Gravelle, C.R. : Limitation of fecal and pharyngeal poliovirus excretion in Salk-vaccinated children. Am. J. Hyg. 76: 173, 1962.

Gelfand, H.M. , Leblanc, D.R. , Potash, L. and Fox, J.P. : Studies on the development of natural immunity to poliomyelitis in Louisiana IV natural infections with polioviruses following immunization with a formalin-inactivated vaccine. Amer. J. Hyg. 70: 312, 1959.

Plotkin, S.A. , Koprowski, H. , Richardson, S.M. and Stokes, J. , Jr.: Vaccination of families against poliomyelitis by feeding and by contact spread of living attenuated virus, including studies of virus properties after human intestinal passage. Acta Peadiatrica 49: 551, 1960.

Howe, H.A. : Day by day response of vaccinated chimpanzees to poliomyelitis infection. Am. J. Pub. Health 47: 871, 1957.

Gelfand, H.M. , Potash, L. , Lebanc, D.R. and Fox, J.P. : Intrafamilial and interfamilial spread of living vaccine strains of polioviruses. J. A. M. A. 170: 3029, 1959.

Plotkin, S.A. , Koprowski, H. and Stokes, J. , Jr.: Clinical trials in infants of orally administered attenuated poliomyelitis viruses. Pediatrics 23: 1041, 1959.

Lepow, M.L. , Warren, R.J. , Gray, N. , Ingram, V.G. and Robbins, F.C. : Effect of Sabin type I poliomyelitis vaccine administered by mouth to newborn infants. New Eng. J. Med. 264: 1071, 1961.

Pagano, J.S. , Plotkin, S.A. and Koprowski , H. : Variation in the responses of infants to living attenuated poliovirus vaccines. New Eng. J. Med. 264: 155, 1961.

Buser, F. , Dostal, V. , Barandun, S. , Haenzel, J. and Witschi, H.P. : Immunological Problems of the Vaccination of Newborn and Very Young Infants with Live Avirulent Poliovirus. European Association against Poliomyelitis and Allied Diseases VIIth Symposium, Oxford, pp. 362-367, 1961.

Kleinman, H. , Barr, R.N. , Bauer, H. , Kimball, A.C. , Cooney, M.R. , Bearman, J.E. and Mathey, W.E. : Further Experiences with Oral Poliomyelitis Vaccines in Minnesota. In Live Poliovirus Vaccines, Second Int. Conf. Pan Amer. Health Organization, Washington, Sept. 1963, 341.

Horstmann, D.M. , Paul, J.R. , Godenne-Mccrea , M. , Green, R.M. , Opton, E.M. , Holtz, A.I. and Niederman, J.C. : Immunization with oral poliovirus vaccine (Sabin). J. A. M. A. 178: 693-701, 1961.

Melnick, J.L. , Benyesh-Melnick, M. and Brennan, J.T. : Studies on live poliovirus vaccine. J. A. M. A. 171: 1155, 1959.

Plotkin, S.A. : The polioviruses of man. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 101, 357, 1962.

Koprowski, H. , Jervis, G.A. and Norton, T.W. : Immune responses in human volunteers upon oral administration of a rodent-adapted strain of poliomyelitis virus. Am. J. Hyg. 55: 108, 1952.

Koprowski, H. : Tin anniv. of develop. of live virus vaccine . J. A. M. A. 173: 972, 1960.

Paul, J.R. , Riordan, J.T. and Melnick, J.L. : Antibodies of three different antigenic types of poliomyelitis in sera from North Alaskan eskimos. Am. J. Hyg. 54: 275, 1951.

Yafe, J. , Goldblum, N. , Eylan, E. and Melnick, J.L. : An outbreak of poliomyelitis in Israel in 1961 and the use of attenuated Type 1 vaccine in its control. Am. J. Hyg. 76: 225, 1962.

Sabin, A.B. : Oral poliovirus vaccine: Recent results and recommendations for optimum use. Roy. Soc. Health, J., 82: 51, 1962.

Pagano, J.S. , Plotkin, S.A. , Janowsky, C.G. , Richardson, S.M. and Koprowski , H. : Routine immunization with orally administered attenuated poliovirus: A study of 850 children in an American city. J. A. M. A. 173: 1183, 1960 .

Melnick, J.L. , Proctor, R. , Ocampo, A.R. , Diwan, A.R. and Ben-Porath , E. : Viremia after administration of live poliovirus vaccine. Bact. Proc. 4: 145, 1961.

Communicable Disease Center Poliomyelitis Surveillance Unit Report No. 273, Dec. 21, 1962.

Communicable Disease Center Poliomyelitis Surveillance Unit Report No. 271, Nov. 13, 1962.

Communicable Disease Center Poliomyelitis Surveillance Unit Report No. 272, Nov. 30, 1962.

Welnick, J.L. and Benyesh-Melnick , M. : Problems Associated with Live Poliovirus Vaccine and Its Progeny After Multiplication in Man. In Live Poliovirus Vaccines Second Intern. Conf. Pan Am. Health Organization, Washington, Sept. 12, 1960.

Plotkin, S.A. , Norton, T.W. , Cohen, B.J. and Koprowski , H. : A Type 3 attenuated poliovirus genetically stable after human intestinal passage. Proc. Soc. Exptl. Biol. Med. 107: 829, 1961.

Duxbury, A.E. , Goulding, G. and Graydon, J.J. : Vaccination against poliomyelitis. Lancet 1: 377, 1963.

Editorial. Lancet 1: 149, 1963.