The establishment of a roadway from China to Iran through Afghanistan signifies a significant alteration in regional connectivity and trade advancement. This plan provides an economical, efficient and expedited pathway for China to get Iranian oil and export commodities via the strategically positioned Chabahar Port. The initiative corresponds with China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), demonstrating its aspirations to enhance economic connections and promote integration throughout Eurasia. This study analyses the strategic ramifications of the road project, focusing on opportunities like increased regional trade, diminished transit expenses and augmented geopolitical influence for the involved states. Nonetheless, it underscores significant hurdles, such as political instability in Afghanistan, security threats, environmental issues and competition with established commercial routes. The study utilises a mixed-methods approach, integrating geopolitical analysis, trade data assessment and stakeholder interviews for a thorough evaluation. The results highlight the imperative for strong international cooperation, security protocols and sustainable development strategies to guarantee the project’s success. This article enhances the discussion on regional connectivity by elucidating the potential effects of China’s infrastructural development on trade dynamics and power equilibrium in South and Central Asia.
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