The Canadian Model of Occupational Performance and Engagement depicts individuals embedded within cultural environments that afford occupational possibilities. Culture pertains not solely to ethnicity or race but to any dimension of diversity, including class, gender, sexual orientation, and ability.
Purpose.
This paper highlights specific dimensions of cultural diversity and their relationships to occupational engagement and well-being.
Key issues.
Cultural variations constitute the basis for a socially constructed hierarchy of traits that significantly determine occupational opportunities and impact mental health and well-being. Cultural humility is an approach to redressing power imbalances in client-therapist relationships by incorporating critical self-evaluation and recognizing that cultural differences lie not within clients but within client-therapist relationships.
Implications.
It is proposed that theoretical relevance would be enhanced if culturally diverse perspectives were incorporated into theories of occupation. Cultural humility is advocated as an approach to theoretical development and in efforts to counter professional Eurocentrism, ethnocentrism, and intellectual colonialism.
Description.
Le Modèle canadien du rendement occupationnel et de participation décrit des individus englobés dans des environnements culturels offrant des possibilités occupationnelles. La culture se rapporte non seulement à l’ethnicité et à la race, mais à toute dimension de la diversité, comme la classe, le sexe, l’orientation sexuelle et les aptitudes.
But.
Cet article met en relief des dimensions spécifiques de la diversité culturelle et leurs relations avec la participation occupationnelle et le bien-être.
Questions clés.
Les variations culturelles constituent la base d’une hiérarchie de traits socialement construits qui déterminent de manière significative les possibilités occupationnelles et qui ont des effets sur la santé mentale et le bien-être. L’humilité culturelle est une approche qui vise à rétablir les déséquilibres de pouvoir dans les relations centrées sur le client, en incorporant l’autoévaluation critique et en reconnaissant que les différences culturelles ne se situent pas au niveau des clients, mais au niveau des relations client-thérapeute.
Conséquences.
Les auteurs suggèrent que la pertinence théorique serait rehaussée si diverses perspectives culturelles étaient incorporées dans les théories sur l’occupation. Les auteurs préconisent que l’humilité culturelle est une approche du développement théorique, qui peut rehausser les efforts déployés pour lutter contre l’eurocentrisme professionnel, l’ethnocentrisme et le colonisalisme intellectuel.
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