This paper offers a case study of the difficulties involved in associating teachers' college and university in teacher preparation through the device of joint appointment of professor-principal. The dual post, which was created in Melbourne in 1919, terminated in 1939 in an atmosphere in which the aims and ideals of university and State education department respectively were patently in conflict. Compromise negotiations in 1938–1939 served largely instead to underline incompatibilities between bureaucratic control and academic freedom. Even more fundamentally, the 1938–1939 experience demonstrated the difference between departmental stress on “technical” training and university emphasis on liberal education for teachers.
References
1.
The first provision, apart from access to Arts or Science courses for practising or intending teachers, was that of the University Training College in Adelaide, 1900.
2.
See the following: Baillie, A. J. Alexander Mackie: his life, work and influence upon educational thought and practice in New South Wales. M.Ed. Thesis, University of Sydney, 1968; Edgar, D. E. The educational ideas and influence on Victorian education of Dr. John Smyth. M.Ed. Thesis, University of Melbourne, 1968; Mossenson, D. A History of Teacher Training in Western Australia. Melbourne: ACER, 1955.
3.
See, for instance, Faculty of Arts Minutes, Melbourne University Archives, 16th June, 1922. A similar fear existed in Adelaide in the 1950s and 1960s. (Information from a personal interview with Professor L. F. Neal, University of Adelaide, 29th April, 1975).
4.
Alexander Mackie arrived in Australia from Scotland in 1905 to become principal of Sydney Teacher's College when it opened in the following year. In 1910 he was also appointed to the foundation chair of education at the University of Sydney.
5.
Final Report of the Royal Commission on Technical Education. Victoria. Votes and Proceedings of the Legislative Assembly, Vol. 2, 1901, 232.
6.
New principal of the Training College. The Age, 5th July, 1902, 8.
7.
Committee Report on Courses in Pedagogy, Professorial Board Minutes, Melbourne University Archives, 24th November, 1902.
8.
Edgar, op. cit., 322.
9.
Edgar, op. cit., 373.
10.
Edgar, op. cit., 373–375.
11.
Smyth to Vice-Chancellor, Melbourne Teachers' College Archives, 22nd July, 1921.
12.
Faculty of Arts Minutes, Melbourne University Archives, 16th June, 1922.
13.
Faculty of Arts Minutes, Melbourne University Archives, 16th June, 1922.
14.
Faculty of Arts Minutes, Melbourne University Archives, 16th June, 1922.
15.
Edgar, op. cit., 399.
16.
Edgar, op. cit., 176, 177, 179, 207, 210.
17.
Faculty of Education Minutes, Melbourne University Archives, 29th August, 1927.
18.
Faculty of Education Minutes, Melbourne University Archives, 5th September, 1927.
19.
The author was not able to find documented evidence on this aspect, although oral reminiscences might well be sought (from contemporaries of Wrigley) as sources of information.
20.
Faculty of Education Minutes, Melbourne University Archives, 5th April, 1934.
21.
Professorial Board Minutes, Melbourne University Archives, 4th May, 1937.
22.
KandelI. L. Tendencies in the preparation of teachers. Typescript statement, Council Minutes, Melbourne University Archives, November, 1937.
23.
Statement by Professor Browne to Joint Committee on Relations between the University and the Education Department, Melbourne University Archives, 22nd February, 1938.
24.
Minutes of Joint Committee on Relations between the University and the Education Department, Melbourne University Archives, 25th February, 1938.
25.
Professor Browne to Minister of Education, Victorian Education Department Correspondence Files, 1938/7819, 3rd June, 1937.
26.
Professor Browne to Minister of Education, Victorian Education Department Correspondence Files, 1938/7819, 3rd June, 1937.
27.
Minister of Education to Professor Browne, Victorian Education Department Correspondence Files, 1938/7819, 29th June, 1937.
Mr. F. Tate to Vice-Chancellor. Melbourne Teachers' College Archives, 10th June, 1938.
42.
The Education Department and the University School of Education, Draft Resolution, University Council, Melbourne University Archives, 20th June, 1938.
43.
The Education Department and the University, Notes by Professor K. H. Bailey, University Council, Melbourne University Archives, 24th June, 1938.
44.
The Education Department and the University, Notes by Professor K. H. Bailey, University Council, Melbourne University Archives, 24th June, 1938.
45.
Director of Education to University Registrar, Notes by Professor K. H. Bailey, University Council, Melbourne University Archives, 4th October, 1938.
46.
Council Minutes, Notes by Professor K. H. Bailey, University Council, Melbourne University Archives, 19th December, 1938.
47.
Council Minutes, Notes by Professor K. H. Bailey, University Council, Melbourne University Archives, 5th June, 1939.
48.
The Education Department and the University. Notes by Professor K. H. Bailey, University Council, Melbourne University Archives, 24th June, 1938.
49.
The Education Department and the University. Notes by Professor K. H. Bailey, University Council, Melbourne University Archives, 24th June, 1938.
50.
Baillie, op. cit., 247, 248, 250.
51.
Mossenson, op. cit., 41.
52.
HyamsB. K.State school teachers in South Australia, 1847–1950; a study of their training, employment and voluntary organization. Ph.D. Thesis, Flinders University, 1972, 186–192.
53.
Australian Journal of Education, 1905, III, 6, p. 4; Baillie, op. cit., 207–211.
54.
Final Report of the Royal Commission on Technical Education. Victoria. Votes and Proceedings of the Legislative Assembly. Vol. 2, 232; The Age, 5th July, 1902, 8; Mossenson, op. cit., 38–40.
55.
Vice Chancellor to Secretary, Premier's Department, Melbourne University Archives, 27th June, 1938.
56.
Mossenson, op. cit., 64, 65.
57.
Hyams, op. cit., 201–209.
58.
Senate Minutes, Sydney University Archives, 1st December, 1947; Richardson, J. A. The future of Bedford Park Teachers' College in South Australian tertiary education. Flinders University Registry Records, PLA 107 (n.d.).
59.
CohenS. W.Alexander Mackie on teacher training. Forum of Education, 1956, XIV, 93–117; Richardson, J. A. The future of Bedford Park Teachers' College in South Australian Tertiary Education. Flinders University Registry Records, PLA 107 (n.d.).
