The paper presents an analysis of some features of measurement, i.e. the technical processes of quantifying and analysing (Bassett, 1969, p. 9) as related to schools, colleges and universities. After noting some of the forces behind the demand for measurement, consideration is given to several major aspects of the general topic, viz. (i) measuring the components of educational institutions, (ii) measuring the dynamics of educational institutions, and (iii) measuring the press (broadly, the atmosphere, ethos or climate) of educational institutions.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AlkinM. C.Evaluation theory development. Evaluation Comment. (Los Angeles: Center for the Study of Evaluation, University of California), 1969, 2, 2–7.
2.
AlkinM. C.GlinskiR.WiningerR.Preliminary Analysis of Data for a Secondary School Input-Output Model. Center for the Study of Evaluation Report No. 42. Los Angeles: Graduate School of Education, University of California, 1969.
3.
AstinA. W.An empirical characterization of higher educational institutions. Journal of Educational Psychology, 1962, 53, 224–235.
4.
AstinA. W.Some characteristics of student bodies entering higher educational institutions. Journal of Educational Psychology, 1964, 55, 267–275.
5.
BassettG. W.The place of measurement and evaluation in education. In Educational Measurement and Assessment (Papers presented at the 10th Conference of the Australian College of Education, Adelaide, 1969). Carlton, Victoria: Australian College of Education, pp. 9–24.
6.
CarlosS.The analysis of causal models: Some remarks on new techniques. (Symposium on recent developments in multivariate analysis.) Interchange, 1970, 1, 3, 21–28.
7.
CentraJ. A.RockD.College environments and student achievement. American Educational Research Journal, 1971, 8, 623–634.
8.
ChaseF. S.School change in perspective. Chapter XI, pp. 271–306, in GoodladJ. I. (ed.). The Changing American School. The Sixty-fifth Yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1966.
9.
ColemanJ. S.Equality of Educational Opportunity. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1966.
10.
Connecticut State Department of Education. An Assessment Guide for Use in Junior High Schools. Hartford, Connecticut: Bureau of Elementary and Secondary Education, 1960.
11.
CronbachL. J.FurbyL.How we should measure ‘change’—or should we ?Psychological Bulletin, 1970, 74, 68–80.
12.
DyerH. S. School factors and equal educational opportunity, pp. 41–59, in Harvard Educational Review. Equal Educational Opportunity. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1969.
13.
FeldmanK. A.Measuring college environments: Some uses of path analysis. American Educational Research Journal, 1971, 8, 51–70.
14.
FlanaganJ. C.Design for a Study of American Youth. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1962.
15.
FullanM.Editor's introduction. (Symposium on recent developments in multivariate analysis.) Interchange, 1970, 1, No. 3, 1–2.
16.
GennJ. M.Chemistry scholars in school and university contexts: A study of transition from school to university, pp. 217–240, in CampbellW. J. (ed.). Scholars in Context. Sydney: John Wiley. 1970. (a).
17.
GennJ. M.School environmental press: Or what is this school really like ?Administrators' Bulletin, 1970, 1, No. 5. (b).
18.
GoodladJ. I.Educational Change: A Strategy for Study and Action. Institute for the Development of Educational Activities (I.D.E.A.) Reprint Series. Melbourne, Florida, 1968.
19.
HoustonS.“Evaluation Position Paper.” Unpublished paper, Institute for the Development of Educational Activities (I.D.E.A.), Los Angeles, 1968.
20.
HusekT. R.Different kinds of evaluation and their implications for test development. Evaluation Comment. (Los Angeles: Center for the Study of Evaluation, University of California), 1969, 2, 8–10.
21.
Institute for the Development of Educational Activities (I.D.E.A.). “An Institutional Appraisal Framework.” Unpublished paper, Institute for the Development of Educational Activities, Los Angeles, 1968.
22.
KleinS. P.“Elementary School Evaluation Kit.” Unpublished paper, Center for the Study of Evaluation, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, 1969.
23.
McFeeA.The relation of students' needs to their perceptions of a college environment. Journal of Educational Psychology, 1961, 52, 25–29.
24.
MurrayH. A. (ed.). Explorations in Personality: A Clinical and Experimental Study of 50 Men of College Age by the Workers at the Harvard Psychological Clinic. New York: Science Editions Inc., 1938, 1962.
25.
National Science Foundation. Systems for Measuring and Reporting the Resources and Activities of Colleges and Universities. Washington: National Science Foundation, 1967.
26.
National Study of School Evaluation. Junior High School/Middle School Evaluative Criteria. Arlington, Virginia: National Study of School Evaluation, 1970.
27.
National Study of Secondary School Evaluation. Evaluative Criteria (4th edition). Washington, D.C.: National Study of Secondary School Evaluation, 1969.
28.
NolleD. B.Statistical innovations and causal models: Complementarity and convergence in Spady's and Carlos' contributions. (Symposium on recent developments in multivariate analysis.)Interchange, 1970, 1, No. 3, 35–41.
29.
PaceC. R.The Influence of Academic and Student Sub-cultures in College and University Environments. Co-operative Research Project, No. 1083. Los Angeles: University of California, 1964.
30.
PaceC. R.An Evaluation of Higher Education: Plans and Perspectives. Center for the Study of Evaluation Report No. 51, Graduate School of Education, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, 1969. (a).
31.
PaceC. R.College and University Environment Scales (C.U.E.S.) Technical Manual (2nd edition). Princeton, New Jersey: Educational Testing Service, 1969. (b).
32.
PaceC. R.SternG. G.An approach to the measurement of psychological characteristics of college environments. Journal of Educational Psychology, 1958, 49, 269–277.
33.
RiceJ. G.The campus climate: A reminder, pp. 304–317, in BaskinS. (ed.). Higher Education: Some Newer Developments. New York: McGraw Hill Book Company, 1965.
34.
SpadyW. G.Simple techniques for multivariate analyses. (Symposium on recent developments in multivariate analysis.)Interchange, 1970, 1, No. 3, 3–20.
35.
SternG. G.Scoring Instructions and College Norms: Activities Index: College Characteristics Index. Syracuse: Psychological Research Center, 1963.
36.
SternG. G.People in Context: Measuring Person-Environment Congruence in Education and Industry. New York: Wiley, 1970.
37.
Texas Education Agency. Principles and Standards for Accrediting Elementary and Secondary Schools and List of Approved Courses-Grades 7–12. Texas Education Agency, Bulletin 560, Revised, 1970.
38.
Texas Study of Secondary Education. Criteria for Evaluating Junior High Schools. Texas Junior High School Criteria Study, Research Study 37, The Texas Study of Secondary Education, Austin, Texas, 1963.
39.
ThistlethwaiteD. L.College press and changes in study plans of talented students. Journal of Educational Psychology, 1960, 51, 222–234.
40.
ThistlethwaiteD. L.Fields of study and development of motivation to seek advanced training. Journal of Educational Psychology, 1962, 53, 53–64.
41.
ThistlethwaiteD. L.WheelerN.Effects of teacher and peer subcultures upon student aspirations. Journal of Educational Psychology, 1966, 57, 35–47.
42.
WalbergH. J.Generalized regression models in educational research. American Educational Research Journal, 1971, 8, 71–91.
43.
WebbS. C.CrowderD. G.Analyzing the psychological climate of a single college. Teachers College Record, 1965, 66, 425–433.
44.
WhittaJ.“A Comparative Study of Grade 9 Boys in the General and Technical Streams of a Large Metropolitan State High School.” Unpublished B.Ed. Honours thesis, University of Queensland (1967).