Are Behavioural Objectives Really Necessary?

Stanton H. E. “Measurable Objectives.” Australian Journal of Education, 14, 1 1970, 49–56.

Stanton H. E. “Measurable Objectives.” Australian Journal of Education, 14, 1 1970, 49.

Stanton H. E. “Measurable Objectives.” Australian Journal of Education, 14, 1 1970, 49.

Atkin J. M. “Behavioral Objectives in Curriculum Design: A Cautionary Note.” The Science Teacher, 35, 5 1968, 27–30.

Eisner E. W. “Educational Objectives Help or Hindrance?” The School Review, 75, 1967, 250–260, 253.

Atkin J. M. “Some Evaluation Problems in a Course Content Improvement Project.” Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 1, 1963, 129–132.

Atkin J. M. 1968. Op. cit..

Popham W. J. “Probing the Validity of Arguments Against Behavioural Goals.” Symposium, Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Chicago, February, 1968. Reprinted in Anderson R. C. . Current Research on Instruction, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1969.

Bloom B. S. “Some Theoretical Issues Relating to Educational Evaluation.” Chapter III in Tyler R. W. (Ed.) Educational Evaluation: New Roles, New Means. The Sixty-eighth Yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education, Part II, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1969, 26–50.

Mager R. F. Preparing Objectives for Programmed Instruction. San Francisco: Fearon Publishers, 1962.

Atkin J. M. 1968. Op. cit., 28.

Atkin J. M. 1968. Op. cit., 29.

Stanton H. E. Op. cit., 53.

Dyer H. S. “On the Assessment of Academic Achievement.” Teachers College Record, 62, 2 1960, 164–172.

Mager R. F. Op. cit..

Dressel P. L. “A Look at New Curriculum Models.” Journal of Higher Education, 36, 2 1965, 89–96.

Gagné R. M. “The Implications of Instructional Objectives for Learning.” In Lindvall C. M. (Ed.) Defining Educational Objectives. A Report of the Regional Commission on Educational Coordination and the Learning Research and Development Center. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1964, 37–46.

Gagné R. M. “Educational Objectives and Human Performance.” Krumboltz J. D. Learning and the Educational Process. Chicago: Rand McNally, 1965, 1–24.

Gagné R. M. The Conditions of Learning. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1965. It should be noted that Gagné does differentiate between “mastery” and “transfer” objectives, the latter being less explicit.

Mager R. F. Op. cit., 49.

Ausubel D. P. Educational Psychology: A Cognitive View. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1968.

Bloom B. S. (Ed.) Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. Handbook I: Cognitive Domain. New York: David McKay, 1956.

Bloom B. S. 1969. Op. cit..

Krathwohl D. R. Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. The Classification of Educational Goals. Handbook II: Affective Domain. New York: David McKay, 1964.

Krathwohl D. R. “Stating Objectives Appropriately for Program, for Curriculum, and for Instructional Materials Development.” Journal of Teacher Education, 16, 1965, 83–92.

Tyler R. W. Basic Principles of Curriculum and Instruction. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1951.

Tyler R. W. “Some Persistent Questions on the Defining of Objectives.” In Lindvall C. M. (Ed.) Defining Educational Objectives. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1964, 77–83.

Bloom B. S. 1969. Op. cit., 32.

Ebel R. L. “Some Comments by Robert L. Ebel.” (Comments on Eisner's article.) The School Review, 75, 1967, 261.

Popham W. J. Op. cit. See page 71.

Stanton H. E. Op. cit., 51.

Stanton H. E. Op. cit., 51.

Scheffler I. Conditions of Knowledge: An Introduction to Epistemology and Education. Chicago: Scott, Foresman and Co., 1965.

Stanton H. E. Op. cit., 52, 53.

Stanton H. E. Op. cit., 52, 54.

Atkin J. M. 1963. Op. cit..

Atkin J. M. 1968. Op. cit..

Cronbach L. J. “Course Improvement Through Evaluation.” Teachers College Record, 64, 8 1963, 672–683.

Scriven M. The Methodology of Evaluation. American Educational Research Association Monograph Series on Curriculum Evaluation, Vol. 1, Chicago Rand McNally, 1967, 39–83.

Stake R. E. “The Countenance of Educational Evaluation.” Teachers College Record 68, 7, 1967, 523–540.

Stake R. E. Denny T. “Needed Concepts and Techniques for Utilizing More Fully the Potential of Evaluation.” Chapter XVI in Tyler R. W. (Ed.) Educational Evaluation: New Roles, New Means. The Sixty-eighth Yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education, Part II, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1969, 370–390.

Atkin J. M. 1968. Op. cit., 30.