Managing a population of illicit drug users remains essentially a ‘law and order’ issue for neoliberal societies. There has been a wider disciplinary movement in the control of this population from incarceration to risk management. This paper specifically examines the community rehabilitation program in an urban city in China, in light of the claimed policy change. Using in-depth interviews with illicit drug users, it reveals how state control has been extended over this group. A comparative analysis with drug treatment in the West raises some dissonances through crime control lens. Limitations of this study as well as suggestions for future research are discussed.
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