A partial list of American biotechnology companies known to have been founded by, or to exploit the inventions of, academic scientists numbers well over 100, including internationally known companies such as Biogen, Cetus, Genentech, Amgen, Genetics Institute, Hybritech, Centocor and Chiron.
2.
Unpublished communication from Dr Mark D Dibner, Director, Biotechnology Information Division, North Carolina Biotechnology Center, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
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HoldenC. McNight and Tijan go fishing. Science1992; 255: 1506.
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BlecherM. New industrial ties raise ethical and legal issues. Clin Chem News1983; 2: 5.
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BlecherM. Industrial Support of Academic Biomedical Research: Ethical and Legal Issues. Law & Science Seminar. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Law Center, 1982.
6.
A partial list of such biotechnology centres include those at the following universities: Ohio State, Florida, Cornell, Virginia, Pittsburgh, Maryland, Iowa State, Connecticut, Arkansas, Georgia, and Wisconsin. All, interestingly, are members of the Association of Biotechnology Companies, Washington, DC, a trade association most of whose members are for-profit companies.
7.
ShafferM. When research labs go after business. New York Times, February 23 (Business), 1992: 10.
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News Release from BTG plc dated 4 March 1992.
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Copies are available from: Heywood Stores, No. 2 Site, Manchester Road, Heywood, Lancashire OLIO 2PZ, UK; Mrs Rosemary Warner, RD4, State House, High Holborn, London WC1R 4SX, UK, 071–972 3958; and Department of Health, Research and Development Division, RD3, Room 449, Richmond House, 79 Whitehall, London SW1A 2NS, UK, 071–210 5556.
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AldousP. Universities Face Changes. Nature1992; 355: 5.
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The Patent Office, Concept House, Cardiff Road, Newport, Gwent NP9 1RH, UK: (a) How to Prepare a UK Patent Application and Then Apply for a Patent, June 1986 (free); (b) Introducing Patents, A Guide for Inventors (free); (c) Patents, A Source of Technical Information, 1986 (free).
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NEDC. First Aid for Medical Inventors. Millbank Tower, Millbank, London SW1P 4QX, UK: National Economic Development Office, 1990 (£5.00).
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EisenschitzTSThe Inventors' Information Guide. Centre for Commercial Studies, Queen Mary & Westfield College, 339 Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK: (£6.00).
14.
Patenting—the Opportunities and the Pitfalls. British Technology Group Plc. (tel. 071–403 6666; free).
15.
The Institute of Patentees & Inventors, Ste. 78, Kent House, 87 Regent Street, London W1R 7HF, UK: tel. 071–439 7091 (a register of experts is free).
16.
The Chartered Institute of Patent Agents, Staple Inn Bldg., High Holborn, London WC1V 7PZ, UK: tel. 071–405 9450 (information pack free; list of chartered patent attorneys agents £2.00).
17.
The Licensing Executives Society, c/o Dr R Cass, Borax Research Ltd, Cox Lane, Chessington KT9 1SJ, UK: tel. 081–397 5141.
18.
A Laymen's Guide to Licences. Page & Co., 4th floor, Southgate, Lewins Med., Whitefriars, Bristol BS1 2NT, UK (free).
