Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

The single parameter detection of temperature (H₂O) is no longer sufficient for the absorption combustion diagnosis. There is a huge demand for simultaneous computed tomography (CT) diagnosis of multi-parameters. This paper studied CO and NO, two representative combustion products based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) and ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy (UVAS). Different from the research on low detection limits, the absorbance needs to be corrected in high-temperature and high-pressure conditions due to the equipment performance of the CT system. A high-temperature and high-pressure chamber system was applied for the basic absorbance experiment. The corrected absorbance databases of 2325.2/2326.8 nm for CO, and 215/226 nm band for NO were established. The corrected absorbance databases were first compared with the HITRAN and ExoMol databases. The accuracy of the corrected databases was also analyzed by standard gas with 1D detection in the high-temperature and high-pressure chamber and two-dimensional (2D) reconstruction in a customed CT cell. The maximum CO mean relative error (MRE) of the 2D results is 2.75% while the maximum NO MRE is 4.99%. This study provides a basis for research on the CO and NO distribution in high-temperature and high-pressure combustion fields.

Graphical abstract

This is a visual representation of the abstract.

Keywords

Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy TDLAS ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy UVAS database high-temperature high-pressure

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Liu

Scott

J.F.

Dkhil

. “Direct and Indirect Measurements on Electrocaloric Effect: Recent Developments and Perspectives”. Appl. Phys. Rev. 2016. 3(3): 031102. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4958327

Kwak

Lei

Maric

. “Ammonia Gas Sensors: A Comprehensive Review”. Talanta. 2019. 204: 713–730. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2019.06.034

R.F.

Deng

Y.P.

, et al. “A Flexible and Physically Transient Electrochemical Sensor for Real-Time Wireless Nitric Oxide Monitoring”. Nat. Commun. 2020. 11(1): 3207. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-17008-8

Cai

L.M.

Pitsch

. “Optimized Chemical Mechanism for Combustion of Gasoline Surrogate Fuels”. Combust. Flame. 2015. 162(5): 1623–1637. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2014.11.018

Otomo

Koshi

Mitsumori

Iwasaki

, et al. “Chemical Kinetic Modeling of Ammonia Oxidation with Improved Reaction Mechanism for Ammonia/Air and Ammonia/Hydrogen/Air Combustion”. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy. 2018. 43(5): 3004–3014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.12.066

Liu

Cao

, et al. “Investigation of Rapid Flame Front Controlled Knock Combustion and its Suppression in Natural Gas Dual-Fuel Marine Engine”. Energy. 2023. 279: 128078. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2023.128078

Meng

X.Y.

Tian

J.P.

Long

W.Q.

, et al. “Study of Jet Pressure and Timing on Emission Formation for High-Pressure Air Jet Controlled Premixed Combustion”. Fuel. 2021. 283: 119323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2020.119323

Wang

S.-F.

Zhang

Jarosinski

Gorczakowski

, et al. “Laminar Burning Velocities and Markstein Lengths of Premixed Methane/Air Flames Near the Lean Flammability Limit in Microgravity”. Combust. Flame. 2010. 157(4): 667–675. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2010.01.006

Zhang

X.Y.

Zhu

S.J.

Zhu

J.G.

Lyu

Q.G.

, et al. “TG-MS Study on Co-Combustion Characteristics and Coupling Mechanism of Coal Gasification Fly Ash and Coal Gangue by ECSA”. Fuel. 2022. 314: 123086. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2021.123086

10.

Zhao

Z.H.

Zhang

Z.W.

Zha

X.J.

Gao

, et al. “Fuel-NO Formation Mechanism in MILD-Oxy Combustion of CH₄/NH₃ Fuel Blend”. Fuel. 2023. 331(Part 2): 125817. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2022.125817

11.

Cheong

K.-P.

P.F.

Wang

F.F.

J.C.

. “Emissions of NO and CO from Counterflow Combustion of CH₄ under MILD and Oxyfuel Conditions”. Energy. 2017. 124: 652–664. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2017.02.083

12.

Lin

Chang

Sun

J.C.

. “Improvement of the Detection Sensitivity for Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy: A Review”. Front. Phys. 2022. 10: 853966. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2022.853966

13.

Xia

H.H.

Z.Y.

Kan

R.F.

Y.B.

, et al. “Numerical Study of Two-Dimensional Water Vapor Concentration and Temperature Distribution of Combustion Zones Using Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Tomography”. Infrared Phys. Technol. 2015. 72: 170–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infrared.2015.07.013

14.

L.J.

Liu

Jing

W.Y.

Cao

, et al. “Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy-Based Tomography System for On-Line Monitoring of Two-Dimensional Distributions of Temperature and H₂O Mole Fraction”. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 2016. 87(1): 013101. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4939052

15.

Kamimoto

Deguchi

Kiyota

. “High Temperature Field Application of Two Dimensional Temperature Measurement Technology Using CT Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy”. Flow Meas. Instrum. 2015. 46(Part A): 51–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2015.09.006

16.

Zhao

W.S.

L.J.

. “A WMS Based TDLAS Tomographic System for Distribution Retrievals of Both Gas Concentration and Temperature in Dynamic Flames”. IEEE Sens. J. 2020. 20(8): 4179–4188. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2019.2962736

17.

Y.F.

Liu

X.N.

. “Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy Based Temperature Measurement with a Single Diode Laser Near 1.4 μm”. Sensors. 2022. 22(16): 6095. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22166095

18.

Liu

H.C.

Peng

Sanders

S.T.

Cai

W.W.

. “Laser Absorption Tomography Based on Unstructured Meshing”. Meas. Sci. Technol. 2023. 35(2): 025201. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6501/ad068f

19.

Cai

W.W.

Kaminski

C.F.

. “Tomographic Absorption Spectroscopy for the Study of Gas Dynamics and Reactive Flows”. Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 2017. 59: 1–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2016.11.002

20.

Gordon

I.E.

Rothman

L.S.

Hargreaves

R.J.

Hashemi

, et al. “The HITRAN 2020 Molecular Spectroscopic Database”. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer. 2022. 277: 107949. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2021.107949

21.

Rothman

L.S.

Gordon

I.E.

Barber

R.J.

Dothe

, et al. “HITEMP, the High-Temperature Molecular Spectroscopic Database”. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer. 2010. 111(15): 2139–2150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2010.05.001

22.

Chao

Jeffries

J.B.

Hanson

R.K.

. “Absorption Sensor for CO in Combustion Gases Using 2.3 μm Tunable Diode Lasers”. Meas. Sci. Technol. 2009. 20: 115201. https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/20/11/115201

23.

G.L.

Zhang

X.A.

Zhang

Z.C.

Y.H.

, et al. “Mid-Infrared Telemetry Sensor Based Calibration Gas Cell for CO Detection Using a Laser Wavelength Locking Technique”. Measurement. 2023. 208: 112445. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2023.112445

24.

Wang

L.Q.

H.R.

, et al. “Stability Improvement of the TDLAS-Based CO Monitoring Module in a Coal Mine by Using a Spectral Denoising Algorithm Based on SVR”. Photonics. 2024. 11(1): 11. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11010011

25.

Raza

L.H.

Yao

C.Y.

Yang

, et al. “MHz-Rate Scanned-Wavelength Direct Absorption Spectroscopy Using a Distributed Feedback Diode Laser at 2.3 μm”. Opt. Laser Technol. 2020. 130: 106344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2020.106344

26.

Boyce

R.R.

Mudford

N.R.

McGuire

J.R.

. “OH-PLIF Visualisation of Radical Farming Supersonic Combustion Flows”. Shock Waves. 2012. 22(1): 9–21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00193-011-0346-7

27.

Kangas

Koukkari

Brink

Hupa

. “Feasibility of the Constrained Free Energy Method for Modeling NO Formation in Combustion”. Chem. Eng. Technol. 2015. 38(7): 1173–1182. https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.201400633

28.

Wong

Yurchenko

S.N.

Bernath

Müller

H.S.P.

, et al. “ExoMol Line List-XXI. Nitric Oxide(NO)”. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 2017. 470(1): 882–897. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx1211

29.

Zheng

Qiu

X.B.

Shao

L.G.

Feng

S.L.

, et al. “Measurement of Nitric Oxide from Cigarette Burning Using TDLAS Based on Quantum Cascade Laser”. Opt. Laser Technol. 2020. 124: 105963. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2019.105963

30.

Köehring

Huang

Jahjah

Jiang

, et al. “QCL-Based TDLAS Sensor for Detection of NO Toward Emission Measurements from Ovarian Cancer Cells”. Appl. Phys. B: Lasers Opt. 2014. 117(1): 445–451. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-014-5853-7

31.

Sepman

Fredriksson

Ögren

Wiinikka

. “Laser-Based Optical and Traditional Diagnostics of NO and Temperature in 400 kW Pilot-Scale Furnace”. Appl. Sci. 2021. 11(15): 7048. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11157048

32.

Zhou

Liu

Jeffries

J.B.

Hanson

R.K.

. “Development of a Sensor for Temperature and Water Concentration in Combustion Gases Using a Single Tunable Diode Laser”. Meas. Sci. Technol. 2003. 14(8): 1459–1468. https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/14/8/335

33.

Zhou

Liu

Jeffries

J.B.

Hanson

R.K.

. “Selection of NIR H₂O Absorption Transitions for In-Cylinder Measurement of Temperature in IC Engines”. Meas. Sci. Technol. 2005. 16(12): 2347. https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/16/12/006

34.

E.J.

Pan

Jiang

. “Experimental and Numerical Study on the Effect of Composition on Laminar Burning Velocities of H₂/CO/N₂/CO₂/Air Mixtures”. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy. 2012. 37(23): 18509–18519. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.09.053

35.

Zhou

W.Z.

Zhang

R.R.

Qin

X.W.

Wang

Z.Z.

, et al. “Application of UVAS and TDLAS-Based Multi-Combustion-Parameter Diagnosis Using Computerized Tomography”. Opt. Laser Eng. 2024. 178: 108255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlaseng.2024.108255

36.

Zhou

W.Z.

Z.K.

Cui

Wang

Z.Z.

, et al. “Optimized CT-TDLAS Reconstruction Performance Evaluation of Least Squares with the Polynomial-Fitting Method”. Front. Phys. 2022. 10: 1036179. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2022.1036179

Supplementary Material

Please find the following supplemental material available below.

For Open Access articles published under a Creative Commons License, all supplemental material carries the same license as the article it is associated with.

For non-Open Access articles published, all supplemental material carries a non-exclusive license, and permission requests for re-use of supplemental material or any part of supplemental material shall be sent directly to the copyright owner as specified in the copyright notice associated with the article.

0.00 MB

0.22 MB

NO–CO Monitoring Technique Using Ultraviolet Absorption Spectroscopy and Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy in High-Temperature and High-Pressure

Abstract

Keywords

Get full access to this article

References

Supplementary Material