A Sensitive Photometric Procedure for Cobalt Determination in Water Employing a Compact Multicommuted Flow Analysis System

Abstract

In this work, a multicommuted flow analysis procedure is proposed for the spectrophotometric determination of cobalt in fresh water, employing an instrument setup of downsized dimension and improved cost-effectiveness. The method is based on the catalytic effect of Co(II) on the Tiron oxidation by hydrogen peroxide in alkaline medium, forming a complex that absorbs radiation at 425 nm. The photometric detection was accomplished using a homemade light-emitting-diode (LED)-based photometer designed to use a flow cell with an optical path-length of 100 mm to improve sensitivity. After selecting adequate values for the flow system variables, adherence to the Beer–Lambert–Bouguer law was observed for standard solution concentrations in the range of 0.13–1.5 µg L⁻¹ Co(II). Other useful features including a relative standard deviation of 2.0% (n = 11) for a sample with 0.49 µg L⁻¹ Co(II), a detection limit of 0.06 µg L⁻¹ Co(II) (n = 20), an analytical frequency of 42 sample determinations per hour, and waste generation of 1.5 mL per determination were achieved.