The youngest reported patient with stress velopharyngeal incompetence is presented. The patient's symptoms responded to rest with a possible contribution from palatal exercise. Surgical correction would appear to best be reserved for the professional musician with this unusual condition.
WeberJChaseRA. Stress velopharyngeal incompetence in an oboe player. Cleft Palate J1970;7:858–61.
2.
DibbellDGEwanowskiSCarterWL. Successful correction of velopharyngeal stress incompetence in musicians playing wind instruments. Plast Reconstr Surg1979;64:662–4.
3.
MassengillRQuinnG. Adenoidal atrophy, velopharyngeal incompetence and sucking exercises: a two year follow-up case report. Cleft Palate J1974;11:196–9.
4.
Peterson-FalzoneSJ. Velopharyngeal inadequacy in absence of overt cleft palate. J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol [Suppl] 1985(suppl 1):97–124.
5.
GordonNAAstrachanDYanagisawaE. Videoendoscopic diagnosis and correction of velopharyngeal stress incompetence in a bassoonist. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol1994;103:595–600.
6.
DicksonDR. Anatomy of the normal velopharyngeal mechanism. In: HoganMV, ed. Clinics in plastic surgery. Vol 2. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders, 1975: 235–48.
7.
KuehnDP. Velopharyngeal anatomy and physiology. Ear Nose Throat J1979;58:316–21.
8.
LewinMLCroftCBShprintzenRJ. Velopharyngeal insufficiency due to hypoplasia of the musculus uvulae and occult submucous cleft palate. Plast Reconstr Surg1980;65:585–91.
9.
ShprintzenRJSchwartzRHDanillerAHochL. Morphologic significance of bifid uvula. Pediatrics1985;75:553–61.
10.
KaplanE. The occult submucous cleft. Cleft Palate J1975;12:356–68.
11.
ShprintzenRJLencioneRMMcCallGNSkolnickML. A three dimensional cinef luoroscopic analysis of velopharyngeal closure during speech and nonspeech activities in normals. Cleft Palate J1975;11:412–28.
12.
RuscelloDM. A selected review of palatal training procedures. Cleft Palate J1982;19:181–93.
13.
PowersGLStarrCD. The effects of muscle exercises on velopharyngeal gap and nasality. Cleft Palate J1974;11:28–35.
14.
KuehnDP. New therapy for treating hypernasal speech using continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Plast Reconstr Surg1991;88:959–65.
