Effect of Ototoxic Drug Administration to the Endolymphatic SAC

Abstract

Aminoglycosides were applied to the endolymphatic sac of guinea pigs, and the inner ears were studied by light microscopy, In group 1 gentamicin sulfate application on the lateral surface of the endolymphatic sac produced sensory cell atrophy limited to the macula sacculi. In group 2 gentamicin injection into the sac by extradural and intradural approaches often showed lesions in the maculae sacculi and utriculi, cristae of the three ampullae, and organ of Corti in the basal turn. In group 3 passive instillation of streptomycin sulfate pellets into the sac from a lateral opening resulted in a similar pattern of degeneration but with less severity in comparison to the injection method. Mild to severe endolymphatic hydrops was sometimes observed. The study shows diffusion of drugs taking place against the longitudinal flow of endolymph. This procedure may be applicable for the treatment of Meniere's disease.