Developmental Consequences of Hearing Loss in Children with Secretory Otitis Media

Owrid HL . Hearing impairment and verbal attainments in primary school children. Educ Res 1970; 12: 209–14.

Masters L March GE II . Middle ear pathology as a factor in learning disabilities. J Learn Disabil 1978; 11: 103–6.

Zinkus PW Gottlieb MI Schapiro M . Developmental and psychoeducational sequelae of chronic otitis media. Am J Dis Child 1978; 132: 1100–4.

Lehmann MD Charron K Kummer A Keith RW . The effects of chronic middle ear effusion on speech and language development — A descriptive study. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1979; 1: 137–44.

Gottlieb MI Zinkus PW Thompson A . Chronic middle ear disease and auditory perceptual deficits. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 1979; 18: 725–32.

Cook RA Teel RW . Negative middle ear pressure and language development. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 1979; 18: 296–7.

Thelin JW Thelin SJ Keith RW Novak KK Keenan WJ . Effect of middle-ear dysfunction and disease on hearing and language in high-risks infants. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1979; 1: 125–36.

Zinkus PW Gottlieb MI . Pattern of perceptual and academic deficits related to early chronic otitis media. Pediatrics 1980; 66: 246–53.

Bennett FC Ruuska SH Sherman R . Middle ear function in learning-disabled children. Pediatrics 1980; 66: 254–60.

Freeland AP Evans DM . Middle ear disease in the cleft palate infant: Its effect on speech and language development. Br J Plast Surg 1981; 34: 142–3.

Murdoch ED Nowell H . Reading disability and defects of the middle ear. Arch Dis Child 1983; 58: 1010–2.

Bess FH Tharpe AM . Unilateral hearing impairment in children. Pediatrics 1984; 74: 206–16.

Davis JM Elfenbein J Schum R Bentler RA . Effects of mild and moderate hearing impairments on language, educational, and psychosocial behavior of children. J Speech Hear Disord 1986; 51: 53–62.

Holm VA Kunze LH . Effect of chronic otitis media on language and speech development. Pediatrics 1969; 43: 833–9.

Hamilton P Owrid HL . Comparisons of hearing impairment and sociocultural disadvantages in relation to verbal retardation. Br J Audiol 1974; 8: 27–32.

Lewis N . Otitis media and linguistic incompetence. Arch Otolaryngol 1976; 102: 387–90.

Needleman H . Effects of hearing loss from early otitis media on speech and language development. In: Jaffe BF , ed. Hearing loss in children. Baltimore, Md: University Park Press, 1977: 640–9.

Howie VM Jensen NJ Flemming JW Peeler MB Meigs S . The effect of early onset of otitis media on educational achievement. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1979; 1: 151–5.

Brandes PJ Ehinger DM . The effects of early middle ear pathology on auditory perception and academic achievement. J Speech Hear Disord 1981; 46: 301–7.

Sak RJ Ruben RJ . Recurrent middle ear effusion in childhood: Implications of temporary auditory deprivation for language and learning. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1981; 90: 546–51.

Hoffman-Lawless K Keith RW Cotton RT . Auditory processing abilities in children with previous middle ear effusion. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1981; 90: 543–5.

Lous J Fiellau-Nikolajsen M . A 5-year prospective case-control study of the influence of early otitis media with effusion on reading achievement. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1984; 8: 19–30.

Hubbard TW Paradise JL McWilliams BJ Elster BA Taylor FH . Consequences of unremitting middle-ear disease in early life. Otologic, audiologic, and developmental findings in children with cleft palate. N Engl J Med 1985; 312: 1529–34.

Bishop DVM Edmundson A . Is otitis media a major cause of specific developmental language disorders?. Br J Disord Commun 1986; 21: 321–38.

Kaplan GJ Fleshman JK Bender TR Baum C Clark PS . Long-term effects of otitis media: A ten-year cohort study of Alaskan Eskimo children. Pediatrics 1973; 52: 577–84.

Calnan M Richardson K . Speech problems among children in a national survey: Associations with hearing, handedness and therapy. Community Health (Bristol) 1976; 8: 101–6.

Winitz H Darley FL . Speech production. In: Lassman FM Fisch RO Vetter DK La Benze ES , eds. Early correlates of speech, language, and hearing. Littleton, Colo: PSG Publishing Company, 1980: 232–65.

Teele DW Klein JO Rosner BA Boston OMSG . Otitis media with effusion during the first three years of life and development of speech and language. Pediatrics 1984; 74: 282–7.

Allen DV Robinson DO . Middle ear status and language development in preschool children. ASHA 1984; 26: 33–7.

Fischler RS Todd NW Feldman CM . Otitis media and language performance in a cohort of Apache Indian children. Am J Dis Child 1985; 139: 355–60.

Lous J . Linguistic and cognitive sequelae to secretory otitis media in children. Scand Audiol [Suppl]1986(suppl 26): 71–5.

Silva P Chalmers D Stewart I . Some audiological, psychological, educational and behavioral characteristics of children with bilateral otitis media with effusion: A longitudinal study. J Learn Disabil 1986; 19: 165–9.

Roberts JE Sanyal MA Burchinal MR Collier AM Ramey CT Henderson FW . Otitis media in early childhood and its relationship to later verbal and academic performance. Pediatrics 1986; 78: 423–30.

Brooks DN . Otitis media with effusion and academic attainment. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1986; 12: 39–47.

Ventry IM . Effects of conductive hearing loss: Facts or fiction. J Speech Hear Disord 1980; 45: 143–56.

Paradise JL Rogers KD . Ubiquitous otitis media: A child health problem of uncertain dimension. Am J Public Health 1980; 70: 577–8.

Paradise JL . Otitis media during early life: How hazardous to development? A critical review of evidence. Pediatrics 1981; 68: 869–73.

Reichman J Healey WC . Learning disabilities and conductive hearing loss involving otitis media. J Learn Disabil 1983; 16: 272–8.

Bluestone CD Klein JO Paradise JL . Workshop on effects of otitis media on the child. Pediatrics 1983; 71: 639–52.

Bennett FC Furukawa CT . Effects of conductive hearing loss on speech, language, and learning development. Clin Rev Allergy 1984; 2: 377–85.

Bess FH . The minimally hearing-impaired child. Ear Hear 1985; 6: 43–7.

Maran AGD Wilson JA . Glue ear and speech development. Br Med J [Clin Res] 1986; 293: 713–4.

Eimas PD Kavanagh JF . Otitis media, hearing loss, and child development: A NICHD conference summary. Public Health Rep 1986; 101: 289–93.

Bluestone CD Fria TJ Arjona SK . Controversies in screening for middle ear disease and hearing loss in children. Pediatrics 1986; 77: 57–70.

Desch LW Laskowski RP . Testing and stuffing cotton balls in your ears [Letter]. Pediatrics 1982; 69: 829–30.

Hutton JB . Incidence of learning problems among children with middle ear pathology. J Learn Disabil 1984; 17: 41–2.

Black N . Glue ear: The new dyslexia?. Br Med J [Clin Res] 1985; 290: 1963–5.

Paradise JL . On otitis media, child development, and tympanostomy tubes: New answers or old questions?. Pediatrics 1986; 77: 88–92.