Histopathological Observations of Presbycusis

Abstract

Temporal bone histopathology of 17 aged patients who had spontaneous and gradually progressive bilateral sensorineural hearing losses associated with aging was studied. Six cases in the present material showed the gradually sloping audiometric curve; nine cases, abrupt high tone hearing loss; and two cases, the flat audiometric curve. The most prominent histopathological change in the inner ear was a decrease in the population of the spiral ganglion cells. However, diffuse senile atrophy was also often seen in the organ of Corti and the stria vascularis. A positive correlation between the degree of arteriosclerosis and the degree of sensorineural degeneration in the cochlea was not obtained in the present cases. Also, the correlation was not found to be consistent between the type of the audiometric curve and the localization of lesions in the sensory, the neural or the vascular elements in the cochlea. Our observations show that a certain type of audiometric curve does not necessarily indicate a lesion in a specific cochlear element.