LXXVIII Bilateral Choanal Atresia

Stewart J. P. : Congenital Atresia of Posterior Nares, Arch. Otolaryng. 13:570 (Apr.) 1931.

Otto A. W. : A Compendium of Human and Comparative Anatomy, Translated by South J. F. , London, B. Fellowes, 1831; cited by Boyd ⁵ and others.

Fraser J. S. : Congenital Atresia of the Choanae, Brit. Med. J. 2:601, 1910; cited by Boyd ⁵ and others.

Cinelli A. A. : Nasal Atresias: A Surgical Critique, ANNALS OF OTOLOGY, RHINOLOGY AND LARYNGOLOGY 49:912 (Dec.) 1940.

Boyd H. M. E. : Congenital Atresia of the Posterior Nares, Arch. Otolaryng. 41:4:261 (Apr.) 1945.

Emmert C. F. , cited by Boyd ⁵ and others.

Hubbel A. S. : Congenital Occlusion of the Posterior Nares, Buffalo M. and S. J. 26:5, 1886.

Clarke J. P. : Complete Congenital Occlusion of the Posterior Nares, Buffalo M. and S. J. 38:171, 1898.

Katz L. Preysing H. Blumenfeld F. : Handbuch der Speziellen Chirurgie des Ohres und der oberen Luftwege, Leipzig, Curt Kabitzsch, 1911–1913, Vol. 3, p. 432; cited by Boyd ⁵ and others.

White L. E. : An Operation for Bony Occlusion of the Posterior Nares, Laryngoscope 28:571, 1918.

von Schroetter : Ueber angeborenen Knöchernen Verschluss der Choanen, Monatschr. f. Ohrerrh. 19:97, 1885; cited by Boyd ⁵ and others.

Morgenstern D. J. : Congenital Atresia of Postnasal Orifices, Arch. Otolaryng. 31:653 (Apr.) 1940.

Bourgeois Leroux , cited by Boyd ⁵.

Uffenorde W. : Ein Fall von Choanalatresie mit Demonstrationeum, Ztschr. f. Laryng., Rhin., Otol. 1:475, 1908; cited by Boyd ⁵ and others.

Richardson C. W. : Congenital Occlusion of the Post-Nasal Orifices, with Report of a Case, Tr. Am. Laryng. Assn. 35:226, 1913.

Kazanjian V. H. : The Treatment of Congenital Atresia of the Choanae, ANNALS OF OTOLOGY, RHINOLOGY AND LARYNGOLOGY 51:704–711 (Sept.) 1942.

Roberts G. J. : Congenital Choanal Atresia, U. S. Naval Med. Bull. 43:1216 (Dec.) 1944.

Brunk A. A. : A New Case of Unilateral Osseous Choanal Occlusion; An Operation through the Palate, Ztschr. f. Ohrenh. 59:221, 1909.

Blair V. P. : Congenital Atresia or Obstruction of Air Passages, ANNALS OF OTOLOGY, RHINOLOGY AND LARYNGOLOGY 40:1021, 1931.

Steinzeug A. : Surgical Technic for Removal of Choanal Coalescences, Arch. f. Ohren.-, Nasen-, u. Kehlkopf. 137:364, 1933.

Schweckendiek H. : Transpalatal Therapy of Congenital Choanal Atresia, Ztschr. F. Hals-, Nasen-, Ohrenh. 42:367, 1937.

Neto J. R. : Transpalatine Route in Therapy of Bilateral Congenital Imperforation of Choanae, with Report of Cases, Rev. brasil. de oto-rinolaring. 10:431, 1942.

Ruddy L. W. : A Transpalatine Operation for Congenital Atresia of the Choanae in the Small Child or the Infant, Arch. Otolaryng. 41:432 (June) 1945.

Klaff D. D. P. : Bilateral Congenital Atresia of the Choanae, Arch. Otolaryng. 41:4:298 (Apr.) 1945.

Wright W. K. Shambaugh G. E. Jr. Green L. : Congenital Choanal Atresia. A New Surgical Approach, ANNALS OF OTOLOGY, RHINOLOGY AND LARYNGOLOGY 56:1:120 (Mar.) 1947.