The variants of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery are important in inter pretation of coronary angiograms and in interventional procedures. The authors present a patient who had percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and stent implanta tion to a presumed proximal LAD without the realization that dual LAD was present because of the total occlusion of the long LAD.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Roberts WC: Major anomalies of coronary arterial origin seen in adulthood. Am Heart J111:941-963, 1986.
2.
Angelini P.: Normal and anomalous coronary arteries: Definitions and classification . Am Heart J117:418-434, 1989.
3.
Kimbiris D., Iskandrian AS, Segal BL, et al: Anomalous aortic origin of the coronary arteries. Circulation58:606-615, 1978.
4.
Cheitlin MD, DeCastro CM, McAllister HA: Sudden death as a complication of anomalous left coronary origin from the anterior sinus of Valsalva. A not so minor congenital anomaly. Circulation50:780-787, 1974.
5.
Benson PA: Anomalous aortic origin of coronary artery with sudden death: Case report and review. Am Heart J79:254-257, 1970.
6.
James TN: Anatomy of the coronary arteries in health and disease. Circulation32:1020-1033, 1965.
7.
Paulin S.: Coronary angiography: A technical, anatomic and clinical study. Acta Radiol233:11-25, 1964.
8.
Spindola-Franco H., Grose R., Solomon N.: Dual left anterior descending coronary artery: Angiographic description of important variants and surgical implications. Am Heart J105:445-455, 1983.
9.
Bittner V., Nath HP, Cohen M., et al: Dual connection of the left anterior descending coronary artery to the left and right coronary arteries. Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn16:168-172, 1989.
10.
Voudris V., Salachas A., Saounotsou M., et al: Double left anterior descending artery originating from the left and right coronary artery: A rare coronary artery anomaly. Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn30:45-47, 1993.