Ellrodt G., Chew Cyc, Singh BN: Therapeutic implications of slow-channel blockade in cardiocirculatory disorders . Circulation62:669-679, 1980.
2.
Stone PH, Antman EM, Muller JE, Braunwald E.: Calcium channel blocking agents in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders. Part II. Hemodynamic Effects and Clinical Applications. Ann Intern Med93:886-904, 1980.
3.
Beeler GW, Reuter H.: Membrane calcium current in ventricular myocardial fibers. J Physiol207:191-209, 1970.
4.
Hauswirth O. , Singh BN: Ionic mechanisms in heart muscle in relation to the genesis and the pharmacological control of cardiac arrhythmias. Pharmacol Rev30:5-63, 1978.
Kohlhardt M. , Bauer B., Krause H., Fleckenstein A.: New selective inhibitors of the transmebrane Ca conductivity in mammalian myocardial fibers. Studies with the voltage clamp technique. Experientia28:288-289, 1972.
7.
Cranefield PF: The Conduction of the Cardiac Impulse. New York, Futura, 1975.
8.
Singh BN, Collett JT, Chew Cyc: New perspectives in the pharmacologic therapy of cardiac arrhythmias. Prog Cardiovasc Dis22:243-301, 1980.
9.
Singh BN, Vaughan Williams EM: A fourth class of antidysrhythmic action? Effect of verapamil on ouabain toxicity, on atrial and ventricular intracellular potentials and on other features of cardiac function. Cardiovasc Res6:109-114, 1972.
10.
Triggle DJ, Swamy VC: Pharmacology of agents that affect calcium: agonists and antagonists. Chest78:174-178, 1980.
11.
Melville KI , Shister HE, Huq S.: Iproveratril: Experimental data on coronary-dilatation and antiarrhythmic action. Can Med Assoc J90:761-770, 1964.
12.
Melville KI , Benfey BC: Coronary vasocilatory and cardiac adrenergic blocking effects of iproveratril. Can J Physiol Pharmacol43:339-342, 1965.
13.
Nayler WG, McIness I., Swann JB, et al: Some effects of iproveratril (isoptin) on the cardiovascular system. J Pharmacol Exp Ther161:247-261, 1968.
14.
Harder DR, Belardinelli L., Sperelakis N., et al: Differential effects of adenorine and nitroglycerin on the action potentials of large and small coronary arteries. Circ Res44:176-182, 1979.
15.
Cranefield PF, Aronson RS, Wit AL: Effect of verapamil on the normal action potential and on a calcium-dependent slow response of canine cardiac Purkinje fibers. Circ Res34:204-213, 1974.
16.
Rosen MR, Wit AL, Hoffman BF: Appraisal and reappraisal of cardiac therapy. Electrophysiology and pharmacology of cardiac arrhythmias. VI. Cardiac effects of verapamil. Am Heart J89:665-673, 1975.
17.
Okada R.: Effect of verapamil on electrical activities of SA node, ventricular muscle, and Purkinje fibers in isolated rabbit hearts. Jpn Circ J40:329-341, 1976.
18.
Rosen MR, Ilvento JP, Relband H., Merker C.: Effects of verapamil on electrophysiological properties of canine cardiac Purkinje fibers. J Pharmacol Exp Therap189:414-422, 1974.
19.
Singh BN, Hecht HS, Nademanee K. and Chew Cyc: Electrophysiologic and hemodynamic effects of slow-channel blocking drugs . Progress in Cardiovasc Dis (In press 1982 ).
20.
Isenberg G. : Cardiac Purkinje fibers (Ca2+), controls steady state potassium conductance. Pfluegers Arch37:71-76, 1977.
21.
Wit AL, Cranefield P.: Effect of verapamil on the sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes of the rabbit and the mechanism by which it arrests re-entrant atrioventricular nodal tachycardia . Circ Res35:413-425, 1974.
22.
Singh BN: A study of the pharmacological actions of certain drugs and hormones with particular reference to cardiac muscle. Thesis, University of Oxford, England, 1971.
23.
Refsum H., Landmark K.: The effect of Ca antagonists drug, nifedipine, on the mechanical and electrical activity of the isolated rat atrium. Acta Pharmacol et Toxicol37:369-376, 1975.
24.
Kawai C., Konishi T., Matsuyama E., Okazaki H.: Comparative effects of three calcium antagonists, diltiazem, verapamil and nifedipine on the sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes. Experimental and Clinical Studies. Circulation63:1035-1042, 1981.
25.
Millard RW, Lathrop DA, Grupp G., et al: Differential cardiovascular effects of calcium channel blocking agents: Potential mechanisms. Am J Cardiol47(3):497-506, 1982.
26.
Mangiardi LM , Hariman RJ, McAllister RG Jr, et al: Electrophysiologic and hemodynamic effects of verapamil: correlation with plasma drug concentrations. Circulation57:366-372, 1978.
27.
Raschack M. : Differences in the cardiac actions of the calcium antagonists verapamil and nifedipine. Arzneim Forsch26:1330-1333, 1976.
28.
Norimatsu A. , Taira N.: Effect on AV conduction of calcium antagonistic coronary vasodilators, local anesthetics and quinidine injected into the posterior and the anterior septal artery of the AV node preparation of the dog. Naunyn Schiemedberg'sArch Pharmacol294:169-177, 1976.
29.
Husaini MH, Kuvasnicka J., Ryden L., et al: Action of verapamil on sinus node, atrioventricular and intraventricular conduction. Br Heart J35:734-737, 1973.
30.
Roy PR, Spurrell Raj, Sowton GE: The effect of verapamil on the conduction system in man. Postgrad Med J50:270-275, 1974.
31.
Neuss H., Nowak FG, Schlepper M., et al: The effects of antianginal drugs on AV conduction in normal subjects. Arzneim Forsch24:213-216, 1974.
32.
Spurrell Raj , Krikler DM, Sowton GE: The effect of verapamil on the electrophysiological properties of the anomalous atrioventricular connexions in Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Br Heart J36:256-257, 1974.
33.
Rizzon P., Di Biase M., Calabrese P., et al: Electrophysiologic evaluation of intravenous verapamil in man . Eur J Cardiol6:179-194, 1977.
34.
Wellens Hjj, Tan SL, Bar Fwh, et al: Effect of verapamil studied by programmed electrical stimulation of the heart in patients with paroxysmal re-entrant supraventricular tachycardia . Br Heart J39:1058-1066, 1977 .
35.
Carrasco HA, Fuenmayor A., Barbosa JS, Gonzalez G.: Effect of verapamil on normal sinoatrial node function and on sick sinus syndrome . Am Heart J96:760-771, 1978.
36.
Breithardt G., Seipel L., Wiebringhaus E., Loogen F.: Effects of verapamil on sinus node function in man. Eur J Cardiol8:379-394, 1978.
37.
Rowland E., Evans T., Krikler D.: Effect of nifedipine on atrioventricular conduction as compared with verapamil: Intracardiac electrophysiologic study. Br Heart J42:124-127, 1979.
38.
Padeletti L. , Franchi F., Brat A., Dabizze RP, Michelucci A.: The cardiac electrophysiological effects of nifedipine. Int J Clin Pharmacol Biopharm17:290-293, 1979.
39.
Furlanello F. , Disertori M., Vergara G., De Favero A.: Study of the electrophysiologic effects of nifedipine in man. In: 4th International Adalat Symposium. New Therapy of Ischemic Heart Disease, ed. by Peuch P, Krebs R.Amsterdam, Excerpta Medica, 1980 , pp. 227-235.
40.
Sugimoto T. , Ishikawa T., Kaseno K., Nakase S.: Electrophysiologic effects of diltiazem, a calcium antagonist, in patients with impaired sinus or AV node function . Angiology31:700-709, 1980.
41.
Gmeiner R., Ng CK, Simma H., Gstöttner M.: The effect of a new calcium antagonist (Ro 11-1781) on the cardiac conduction system in man. Eur J Cardiol9:77-86, 1979.
42.
Mitchell LB , Schroeder JS, Mason JW: Comparative clinical electrophysiologic effects of diltiazem, verapamil and nifedipine—a review. Am J Cardiol49(3):629-625, 1982.
43.
Wellens Hjj , Durrer D.: Effect of digitalis on atrioventricular conduction and circus movement tachycardias in patients with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Circulation47:1229-1235, 1973 .
44.
Oyama Y.: Hemodynamics and electrophysiological evaluations of diltiazem hydrochloride: a clinical study. In: International Adalat Panel Discussion: New Experimental and Clinical Results, ed. by Lichtten PR, Kimura E, Taira N.Amsterdam, Excerpta Medica, 1979, pp. 169-180.
45.
Tubau JF, Côte P., Bourassa MG: Systemic and coronary hemodynamic effects of intravenous diltiazem in patients with coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol45:439, 1980, (abstract).
46.
Kusukawa R. , Kinoshita M., Shimeno Y., et al: Hemodynamic effects of a new antianginal drug, diltiazem hydrochloride. Arzneim Forsch27:878-887, 1977.
47.
Debaisieux JC, Theroux P., Waters DO, et al: Hemodynamic effects of nifedipine and diltiazem after an acute myocardial infarction. Circulation60(Suppl II):82, 1979, (abstract).
48.
Lydtin H., Lohmöller G., Lohmöller R., et al: Hemodynamic studies on Adalat in healthy volunteers and patients . In: 2nd International Adalat Symposium, New Therapy of Ischemic Heart Disease, ed. by Lochner W, Braasch W, Kroneberg G.Berlin, Excerpta Medica, 1975, pp. 112-123.
49.
Ludbrook PA , Tiefenbrunn AJ, Byrne JD, Sobel BE: Effects of nifedipine on left ventricular function: Their dependence upon reduced impedance. Circulation62(Suppl III):259, 1980, (abstract).
50.
Ryden L, Saetre : The hemodynamic effect of verapamil. Eur J Clin Pharm3:153-157, 1971.
51.
Seabra-Gomes R., Richards A., Sutton R.: Hemodynamic effects of verapamil and practolol in man. Eur J Cardiol4:79-85, 1976.
52.
Lewis B., Mitha A., Gotsman M.: Immediate hemodynamic effects of verapamil in man. Cardiology60:366-376, 1976.
53.
Atterhög JH , Ekelund LG: Haemodynamic effects of intravenous verapamil at rest and during exercise in suggestively healthy middle-aged man. Eur J Clin Pharmacol8:317-322, 1975.
54.
Singh BN, Roche Ahg: Effects of intravenous verapamil on hemodynamics in patients with heart disease . Am Heart J94:593-599, 1977.
55.
Ferlinz J., Easthope JL, Aronow WS: Effects of verapamil on myocardial performance in coronary disease. Circulation59:313-319, 1979.
56.
Ferlinz J., Easthope JL, Aronow WS: Left ventricular function in patients with coronary artery disease after verapamil administration. Clin Invest Med3:63-71, 1980.
57.
Singh BN, Chew Cyc, Hecht HS, et al: Effects of intravenously administered verapamil on hemodynamic variables and ventricular function in acute myocardial infarction. Clin Invest Med3:73-80, 1980.
58.
Ferlinz J., Turbow ME: Antianginal and myocardial metabolic properties of verapamil in coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol46:1019-1026, 1980 .
59.
Vlieststra RE, Farias MA, Frye RL, et al: Effect of verapamil on left ventricular function: randomized placebo-controlled study. Am J Cardiol47:406, 1981, (abstract).
60.
Hecht HS, Chew Cyc, Burnam MH, et al: Verapamil in chronic stable angina: Amelioration of pacing induced abnormalities of left ventricular ejection fraction, regional wall motion, lactate metabolism and hemodynamics. Am J Cardiol48:536-544, 1981.
61.
Hagemeijer F. : Verapamil in the management of supraventricular tachyarrhythmias occurring after a recent myocardial infarction. Circulation57:751-755, 1978.
62.
Theroux P., Waters DD, Debaisieux JC, et al: Hemodynamic effects of calcium ion antagonists after acute myocardial infarction. Clin Invest Med3:81-85, 1980.
63.
Bellocci F. , Ansalone G., Scabbia E., et al: Sustained beneficial effect of nifedipine in chronic refractory heart failure. Am J Cardiol47:407, 1981, (abstract).
64.
Bartorelli C, Guazzi: Cardiovascular effects in man of nifedipine; therapeutic implication. In: International Adalat Panel Discussion: New Experimental and Clinical Results, ed. by Lichtten PR, Kimura E, Taira N.Amsterdam, Adalat, 1979, pp. 103-104.
65.
Yamaguchi H., Nagasaki F., Nakanishi S., et al: Effects of diltiazem on coronary artery and hemodynamics. In: International Adalat Panel. Discussion: New Experimental and Clinical Results, ed. by Lichtten PR, Kimura E, Taira N.Amsterdam, Excerpta Medica, 1979 , pp. 204-213.
66.
Lichtten H., Engel J., Wolf R., Amende I.: The effect of the calcium antagonistic drug, nifedipine on coronary and left ventricular dynamics in patients with coronary heart disease. In: Calcium Antagonism, ed. by Fleckenstein A , Roskamm H.Heidelberg , Springer Verlag, 1980, pp. 270-281.
67.
Lichtten PR , Engel J., Wolf R., Hundeshagen H.: Effect of nifedipine on regional myocardial blood flow at rest and in pacing-induced ischemia. Circulation60(Suppl II):249, 1979, (abstract).
68.
Lichtten PR, Engel J., Wolf R., Pretschener P.: Regional myocardial blood flow in patients with coronary artery disease after nifedipine. In: International Adalat Panel Discussion: New Experimental and Clinical Results, ed. by Lichtten PR, Kimura E, Taira N.Amsterdam, Adalat, 1979, pp. 69-85.
69.
Stone DL, Stephens JD, Banim SO: Comparative coronary haemodynamic effects of nifedipine and nitroglycerin . Circulation62(Suppl III):86, 1980, (abstract).
70.
Amende I., Simon R., Lichtten PR: Early effects ofnifedipine on left ventricular diastolic function in man. Circulation62(Suppl III):259, 1980, (abstract).
71.
Kober G., Schulz W., Bamberg E., Kaltenbach M.: Cardiac and peripheral effects of nifedipine. In: International Adalat Panel Discussion: New Experimental and Clinical Results, ed. by Lichtten PR, Kimura E, Taira N.Amsterdam, Adalat, 1979, pp. 86-93.
72.
Serruys PW, Steward R., Booman F., et al: Effects of intracoronary nifedipine on coronary vasomobility and left ventricular hemodynamics. Circulation62(Suppl III):86, 1980, (abstract).
73.
Simonsen S. , Nitter-Hauge S.: Effect of nifedipine (Adalat) on coronary hemodynamics in patients with coronary arteriosclerotic disease. Acta Med Scand204:179-184, 1978.
74.
Mignault SH : Coronary cineangiographic study of intravenously administered isoptin. Can Med Assoc J95:1252-1253, 1966.
75.
Luebs ED, Cohen A., Zaleski EJ, Bing RJ: Report on therapy: Effect of nitroglycerin, intensain, isoptin and papaverine on coronary blood flow in man. Am J Cardiol17:535-541, 1966.
76.
Simonsen S. : Effect of verapamil on coronary hemodynamics in patients with coronary heart disease. Eur J Cardiol8:9-18, 1978.
77.
Simonsen S. : Pharmacological effects on coronary hemodynamics: a comparative study between atenolol, verapamil, nifedipine, and carbocromen . Acta Med Scand (Suppl)645:97-104, 1981.
78.
Chew Cyc, Brown BG, Wong M., et al: The effect of verapamil on coronary hemodynamics and vasomobility in patients with coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol45:389, 1980.
79.
Brown BG, Pierce CD, Petersen RB, et al: Verapamil: a mild epicardial coronary dilator inhibits sympathetic and ergonovine-induced coronary constriction in humans. Circulation (Suppl IV)64:150, 1981.
80.
Josephson MA , Hecht HS, Hopkins JM, Singh BN: Oral verapamil versus propranolol in coronary artery disease: evaluation of left ventricular function by exercise radionuclide ventriculography. Am J Cardiol47:463, 1981, (abstract).