Are the Massive Diet Fat-Heart and Coronary Drug Studies Justified?

Medical News : Huge diet-heart study proposed. J. A. M. A., 201: 23, 1967.

Page, I.H. , et al.: Panel discussion on a report of the feasibility trials of the National Diet-Heart Study. Presented at Annual Meeting, American Medical Association, Atlantic City, June 21, 1967.

Nine-year study to test efficacy of coronary drugs. A. M. A. News, Nov. 27, 1967, p. 14.

Roberts, H.J. : Afternoon glucose tolerance testing: A key to the pathogenesis, early diagnosis and prognosis of diabetogenic hyperinsulinism . J. Am. Geriatrics Soc., 12: 423, 1964.

Roberts, H.J. : The role of diabetogenic hyperinsulinism in nocturnal angina pectoris, with special reference to the etiology of ischemic heart disease. J. Am. Geriatrics Soc., 15: 545, 1967.

Roberts, H.J. : Diabetogenic hyperinsulinism—a major etiology of ischemic heart disease. Clin. Res., 13: 28, 1965.

Roberts, H.J. : Nocturnal angina pectoris. (Letter) J. A. M. A., 198: 564, 1966.

Roberts, H.J. : The syndrome of narcolepsy and diabetogenic hyperinsulinism in the American Negro: Its relationship to diabetes mellitus, obesity, dysrhythmias and accelerated cardiovascular disease. J. Nat. M.A., 56: 18, 1964.

Roberts, H.J. : Spontaneous leg cramps and "restless legs" due to diabetogenic hyperinsulinism: Observations on 131 patients. J. Am. Geriatrics Soc., 13: 602, 1965.

Roberts, H.J. : The role of diabetogenic hyperinsulinism in the pathogenesis of prostatic hyperplasia and malignancy. J. Am. Geriatrics Soc., 14: 795, 1966.

Streeten, D.H.P. , Gerstein, M.M. , Marmor, B.M. , and Doisy, R.J. : Reduced glucose tolerance in elderly human subjects. Diabetes, 14: 579, 1965.

Hayner, N.S. , Kjelsberg, M.O. , Epstein, F.H. , and Francis, T. , Jr.: Carbohydrate tolerance and diabetes in a total community, Tecumseh, Michigan. I. Effects of age, sex, and test conditions on one-hour glucose tolerance in adults. Diabetes , 14: 413, 1965.

Antar, M.A. , Ohlson, M.A. , and Hodges, R.E. : Changes in retail market food supplies in the United States in the last seventy years in relation to the incidence of essential fatty acids. Am. J. Clin. Nutrition, 14: 169, 1964.

United States Dept. of Agriculture : Supplement for 1961 to Consumption of Food in the U.S. 1909-1952. Washington, D.C., September 1962, Table 95.

Yudkin, J. : Evolutionary and historical changes in dietary carbohydrates. Am. J. Clin. Nutrition, 20: 108, 1967.

Best, W.R. : Coronary artery disease, diet, and statistics. (Letter) J. A. M. A., 203: 528, 1968.

Cohen, A.M. : Fats and carbohydrates as factors in atherosclerosis and diabetes in Yemenite Jews. Am. Heart J., 65: 291, 1963.

Yudkin, J. : Dietary carbohydrate and ischemic heart disease. Am. Heart J., 66: 835, 1963.

Shipp, J.C. , Matos, O.E. , Knizley, H. , and Crevasse, L.E. : CO2 formed from endogenous and exogenous substrates in perfused rat heart. Am. J. Physiol. , 207: 1231, 1964.

Kako, K. : Relationship between endogenous fuel and performance of isolated hearts of fed, starved and alloxan diabetic rats. (Abstract) Circulation , 31 (II): 121, 1965.

Weissler, A.M. , and Kruger, F.A. : Effect of glucose on ther performance of the hypoxic isolated rat heart. (Abstract). Circulation, 29 (III): 177, 1964.

Nikkilä, E.A. , Miettinen, T.A. , Vesenne, M. , and Pelkonen, R. : Plasma-insulin in coronary heart-disease: Response to oral and intravenous glucose and to tolbutamide. Lancet, 2: 508, 1965.

Albrink, M.J. : Carbohydrate metabolism in cardiovascular disease . Ann. Int. Med., 62: 1330, 1965.

Keen, H. , Rose, G. , Pyke, D.A. , Boyns, D. , Chlouverakis, C. , and Mistry, S. : Blood-sugar and arterial disease. Lancet, 2: 505, 1965.

Gelfand, M.L. , and Fabrykant, M. : Carbohydrate metabolism in acute myocardial infarction. (Abstract). Circulation, 31 (II): 95, 1965.

Pavlatos, F.C. , Karam, J.B. , Grodsky, G.M. , and Forsham, P.H. : Serum insulin levels in acromegaly as a measure of clinical activity. Clin. Res., 12: 93, 1964.

Lange, H.M. , and Friedberg, D. : Stimulation of insulin secretion by glucagon. Clin. Res., 13: 548, 1965.

Crockford, P.M. , Porte, D. , Jr., Wood, F.C. , Jr., and Williams , R.H. : Effect of glucagon on serum insulin, plasma glucose and free fatty acids in man. Metabolism, 15: 114, 1966.

Conn, J.W. : Hypertension, the potassium ion and impaired carbohydrate tolerance. New England J. Med., 273: 1135, 1965.

Nakano, J. , and Kusakari, T. : Effects of angiotensin on the plasma free fatty acid levels and blood glucose levels in dogs. Clin. Res., 13: 402, 1965.

Schalch, D.S. , and Kipnis, D.M. : Abnormalities in carbohydrate tolerance associated with elevated plasma nonesterified fatty acids. J. Clin. Invest., 44: 2010, 1965.

Davidson, P.C. , and Albrink, M.J. : Insulin resistance in hyperglyceridemia . Metabolism, 14: 1059, 1965.

Wilkens, J.A. , and Krut, L.H. : The effect of glucose on the crystallization of cholesterol. J. Atheroscler. Res., 5: 516, 1965.

Grande, F. : Dietary carbohydrate and serum cholesterol. Am. J. Clin. Nutrition , 20: 176, 1967.

Salzman, S.H. , Hellerstein, H.K. , Feil, G.H. , and Marik, S. : Serum-cholesterol and capacity for physical work of middle-aged sedentary males. Lancet, 1: 1348, 1967.

Hodges, R.E. , and Krehl, W.A. : The role of carbohydrates in lipid metabolism . Am. J. Clin. Nutrition, 17: 334, 1965.

Groen, J.J. , Balogh, M. , Yaron, E. , and Cohen, A.M. : Effect of interchanging bread and sucrose as main source of carbohydrate in a low-fat diet on the serum cholesterol level of healthy volunteer subjects. Am. J. Clin. Nutrition, 19: 46, 1966.

Cohen, A.M. , Teitelbaum, A. , Ballough, M. , and Groen, J.J. : Effect of interchanging bread and sucrose as main source of carbohydrate in a low-fat diet on the glucose tolerance curve on healthy volunteer subjects. Am. J. Clin. Nutrition, 19: 59, 1966.

Groen, J.J. , et al.: The influence of nutrition and ways of life on blood cholesterol and the prevalence of hypertension and coronary heart disease among Trappist and Benedictine monks. Am. J. Clin. Nutrition, 10: 456, 1962.

Kuo, P.T. : Hyperglyceridemia in coronary artery disease and its management. J. A. M. A., 201: 87, 1967.

Reaven, C.M. , Lerner, R.L. , Stern, M.P. , and Farquhar , J.W. : Role of insulin in endogenous hypertriglyceridemia. J. Clin. Invest., 46: 1756, 1967.

Davidson, I.W.F. , Lang, C.M. , and Blackwell , W.L. : Impairment of carbohydrate metabolism of the squirrel monkey. Diabetes, 16: 396, 1967.

Staub, H.W. , and Thiessen, R. , Jr.: Dietary carbohydrate and serum cholesterol in rats. Fed. Proc., 26: 490, 1967.

Fallon, H.J. : The effect of carbohydrate on hepatic triglyceride synthesis. Clin. Res., 16: 86, 1968.

Datey, K.K. , Dalvi, C.P. , Purandare, N.M. , and Mehta, N.J. : The role of fats and oils in the pathogenesis of coronary arteriosclerosis: Animal experiment. Vasc. Dis., 4: 240, 1967.

Wilson, R.B. , Martin, J.M. , and Hartroft , W.S. : Dietary hypercholesterolemia in partially depancreatized diabetic rats. (Abstract) Diabetes , 16: 538, 1967.

Groover, M.E. , Jr., Boones, L. , Houk, P.C. , and Wolf, F. : Problems in the quantitation of dietary surveys . J. A. M. A., 201: 8, 1967.

Tuna, N. , Frankhauser, S. , and Goetz, F.C. : Total serum fatty acids in diabetes: relative and absolute concentrations of individual fatty acids. Am. J. M. Sc., 255: 120, 1968 .

Horwitt, M.K. : Vitamin E and lipid metabolism in man. Am. J. Clin. Nutrition, 8: 451, 1960.

Smith, K.H. , Barnes, E.O. , and Osborne, R.G. : Do unsaturated fats lower cholesterol by stimulating the thyroid? Fed. Proc., 25: 324, 1966.

Roberts, H.J. : Diabetogenic hyperinsulinism: Pathogenesis and implications of sulfonylurea-induced hypothyroidism. J. Am. Geriatrics Soc., 15: 674, 1967.

Roberts, H.J. : Triparanol myxedema. J. Am. Geriatrics Soc., 13: 520, 1965.

Montoye, H.J. , Epstein, F.H. , and Kjelsberg , M.O. : Relationship between serum cholesterol and body fatness: an epidemiologic study. Am. J. Clin. Nutrition, 18: 397, 1966.

Roberts, H.J. : Obesity due to the syndrome of narcolepsy and diabetogenic hyperinsulinism: Clinical and therapeutic observations on 252 patients. J. Am. Geriatrics Soc., 15: 721, 1967.

Kaplan, A. , and Lee, Z.F. : Serum lipid levels from birth to puberty. Fed. Proc., 26: 57, 1967.

Hinkle, L.E. , Jr., Benjamin, B. , Christenson, W.N. , and Ullmann, D.S. : Coronary heart disease: 30-year experience of 1,160 men. Arch. Environ. Health, 13: 312, 1966. 57. Grollman, A. : What's good about the cholesterol? Consultant, May, p. 8, 1962.

Pawliger, D.F. , and Shipp, J.C. : Familial hypercholesteremia: Effect of exogenous cholesterol on cholesterol biosynthesis in vivo and by liver in vitro. Clin. Res., 16: 51, 1968.

Wilson, J.D. : Biosynthetic origin of serum cholesterol in the squirrel monkey: Evidence for a contribution by the intestinal wall. J. Clin. Invest., 47: 175, 1968.

Jarvis, D.W. : Dietary lipids and coagulations: In vitro studies of the coagulation mechanism in rats fed a hyperlipemic diet. Arch. Path., 83: 364, 1967.

Shipp, J.C. , Wood, F.C. , Jr., and Marble , A. : Hyperlipemia following sulfonylurea therapy in young diabetics. J. A. M. A., 188: 468, 1964.

Cochran, B. , Jr., and Poucher , R.L. : Paradoxical responses to hypolipemic agents. Clin. Res., 13: 320, 1965.

Roberts, H.J. : Serial glucose, cholesterol and uric acid responses in "early chemical diabetes" before and after phenformin. Presented at Seminar, "Diabetes and Obesity: Abnormal Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism," New York University Medical Center, December 11, 1965.

Hunton, R.B. , Wells, M.V. , and Skipper, E.W. : Hypothyroidism in diabetics treated with sulphonylurea. Lancet, 2: 449, 1965.

Burda, C.D. : Sulphonylurea hypothyroidism in diabetics. (Letter) Lancet, 2: 1016, 1965.

Harben, G.A. , and Pittman, J.A. , Jr.: Acute alterations in thyroxine turnover with clofibrate therapy. Clin. Res., 16: 34, 1968.

Ishmael, W.R. , Owens, J.N. , Jr., Payte, R.W. , and Henick, M.D. : Diabetes mellitus in patients with gouty arthritis. J. A. M. A., 190: 396, 1964.

Henderson, E. : Editorial note. J. Am. Geriatrics Soc., 15: 684, 1967.

Halperin, H. , and Harris, C. : Effect of pentylenetetrazol (Metrazol) on blood cholesterol. J. Am. Geriatrics Soc., 15: 678, 1967.