High Triglyceride–Glucose Index is Associated With Poor Prognosis in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome in Long-Term Follow-Up

Abstract

The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is calculated from fasting triglycerides and fasting glucose levels and is an indicator of insulin resistance. The present study investigates whether the TyG index has a role in predicting clinical outcomes in cases of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This retrospective study included 646 patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and 1048 patients with non–ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). The association between major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) that developed in-hospital and at 60 months of follow-up and TyG index values were compared. Patients were divided into 2 groups: TyG index values of ≥8.65 and <8.65. During the hospital stay and 60 months of follow-up, 303 MACEs occurred. In both the STEMI and NSTEMI groups, as the TyG index increased, an increase was observed in MACE rates. MACE rates were also found to be highest in the group with TyG index ≥8.65 (P < .001). TyG index, C-reactive protein, and age were independent predictors of MACEs in both the NSTEMI and STEMI groups. The present study found a significant association between higher TyG index values and increased risk of MACEs in ACS patients. The TyG index may prove useful to predict clinical outcomes in ACS patients.