What is the Paradigm: Hospital or Home Health Care for Pressure Ulcers ?

Abstract

A home health care (HHC) referral should link the patient in a cost-effective fashion to the physician, home care, and instructions regarding ulcer management. Twenty-one patients (mean age, 74.6 years) had stage III pressure ulcers (<100 cm²) and an involved family member at home. Risk and contributing factors included cardiac disease (n = 9), hypertension (n = 14), end-stage renal disease (n = 7), smoking (n = 11), diabetes (n = 8), chronic brain syndrome (n = 14), cerebrovascular accident (n = 5), and above-the-knee amputation (n = 2). Treatment regimens included standard wound care, pressure relief and, where appropriate, culture-specific antibiotics, as well as a rehabilitation program. Home care progressively decreased the frequency of the nurse HHC and physician office visits. Resolution of the pressure ulcer varied from 6 to 32 weeks. Only two patients had progression of their wound and required hospital readmission. The billable fees included: 1) an office visit, $30.00 (medicare reimbursement, $14.00); 2) the HHC nurse visit, $159.00 (medicare reimbursement, $105.00); 3) supplies, $75.00 to $150.00/week (variable reimbursement); 4) hospitalization, $400.00 to $900.00/day; and 5) a chronic-care bed, $400.00 to $750.00/day. HHC, given a responsible support team and an involved family member, was more socially and financially acceptable than an inpatient facility. Intermittent physician visits with HHC proved safe and reliable, with 90 per cent successfully healing their wounds.