Abstract
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References
1.
Percival Hodgson's Motion Study and Violin Bowing (1984 edition) is available through ASTA. See the publications order form in this issue.
2.
Photo Information: The pictures were taken with a Nikon F4 with a Nikon 35 to 70 mm zoom lens, Nikon SB-24 flash, pulse set for repeating flash mode at four cycles per second, shutter speed of two seconds, aperture f8. Film used was Kodak T-Max 100. Photos by Keith McGraw, director of photography, Distance Education and Instructional Support, University of South Carolina.
3.
Anatomical information has been gleaned from several sources, including anatomy texts and Drs. Earl Bryant and Charles A. Blake, USC School of Medicine.
4.
The pivot joint of the lower arm, involving the twisting motion of the two bones, allows for the pronation of the forearm. It docs not affect string crossings or lateral bow movement.
5.
The only joint of the fingers that is not a hinge joint is the knuckle (metacarpophalangeal joints), which are “condyloid” or “modified ball and socket joint.” For the bow arm this joint is not used laterally. However, it is used in lateral movement by the left hand, especially for extensions and intonation adjustment.