Using Body Language to Express the music in Conducting

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Schumann Karl , “Wilhelm Furtwängler, Myth and Personality of a Musician,” cited in A History of Orchestral Conducting (Stuyvesant, N.Y.: Pendragon Press, 1988), 668.

Haggin Bernard , “The Toscanini Musicians Knew,” 2d ed. (New York: Horizon Press, 1980) 136–37; as cited in Galkin's A History of Orchestral Conducting (Stuyvesant, N.Y: Pendragon Press, 1988), 655.

Ristad Eloise , A Soprano on Her Head (Real People Press: Moab Utah, 1982), 28–29.

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