Blaming the Victims: Hearsay,Labeling,and the Hazards of Quick-Hit Disaster Ethnography

Becker Howard 1963. Outsiders: Studies in the Sociology of Deviance. Glencoe, IL: Free Press.

Bourdieu Pierre 1992. Language and Symbolic Power. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Browning Christopher R. Wallace Danielle Feinberg Seth L. Cagney Kathleen A. 2006. “Neighborhood Social Processes, Physical Conditions, and Disaster-Related Mortality: The Case of the 1995 Chicago Heat Wave.” American Sociological Review 71: 665–682.

Sun-Times. Chicago 1995. “A Tribute to the 549 Victims of Summer Tragedy.” August 3.

Davis Mike 2002. Late Victorian Holocausts. London, England: Verso.

Duneier Mitchell 2004. “Scrutinizing the Heat.” Contemporary Sociology. 33: 139–50.

Duneier Mitchell 2006. “Research Note: Ethnography, the Ecological Fallacy, and the 1995 Chicago Heat Wave.” American Sociological Review 71: 000–000. ED: Add page range when known.

Durkheim Emile 1951. Suicide: A Study in Sociology. Simpson, NY: Free Press.

Erikson Kai 1976. Everything in Its Path. New York: Simon and Schuster.

Farmer Paul 1999. Infections and Inequalities: The Modern Plagues. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

Fine Gary Alan Turner Patricia 2001. Whispers on the Color Line: Rumor and Race in America. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

Gans Herbert 1995. The War Against the Poor: The Underclass and Antipoverty Policy. New York: Basic Books.

Klinenberg Eric 2002. Heat Wave: A Social Autopsy of Disaster in Chicago. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

Nuland Sheldon 1993. How We Die: Reflections on Life's Final Chapter. New York: Vintage.

Semenza J. C. Rubin H. C. Falter K. H. Selanikio J. D. Flanders D. W. Wilhelm. J. L. 1996. “Risk Factors for Heat-Related Mortality During the July 1995 Heat Wave in Chicago.” New England Journal of Medicine 335: 84–90.

Sen Amartya 1981. Poverty and Famines: An Essay on Entitlement and Deprivation. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.

Shen Tiefu Howe Holly Alo Celan Moolenaar Ronald 1998. “Toward a Broader Definition of Heat-Related Death.” American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology 19: 113–18.

Steinberg Ted 2000. Acts of God: The Unnatural History of Disaster in America. New York: Oxford University Press.

Whitman Steven Good Glenn Donoghue Edmund Benbow Nanette Shou Wenyuan Mou Shanxuan 1997. “Mortality in Chicago Attributed to the July 1995 Heat Wave.” American Journal of Public Health 87: 1515–18.