Consciousness in Psychoanalytic Theory: Some Implications for Current Research in Perception

Bach, S. & Klein, G. S. The effects of prolonged subliminal exposures of words. Am. Psychologist, 12:397–398, 1957.

Binet, A. Alterations of Personality. New York: Appleton & Co., 1896.

Brunswik, E. Perception and the Representative Design of Psychological Experiments. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1956.

Colby, K. Energy and Structure in Psychoanalysis. New York: Ronald Press, 1955.

Diven, K. Certain determinants in the conditioning of anxiety reactions. J. Psychol., 3:291–308, 1937.

Eagle, M. The effects of prolonged subliminal stimuli of aggressive content upon conscious cognition. Ph. D. dissertation, on file New York University Library, 1958.

Ehrenzweig, A. The Psychoanalysis of Artistic Vision and Hearing. New York: Julian Press, 1953.

Fisher, C. Dreams, images, and perception. This Journal, 4:5–48, 1956.

Fisher, C. Construction of dreams and images. This Journal, 5:5–60, 1957.

Fisher, C., Paul, I., & Edwards, A. A systematic attempt at validation of the hypothesis of preconscious perceptual registration (the Poetzl phenomenon). To be published.

Freud, S. The Origins of Psychoanalysis. Letters to Wilhelm Fliess, Drafts and Notes: 1881-1902. New York: Basic Books, 1954.

Freud, S. The interpretation of dreams (1900). Standard Edition, 4 & 5. London: Hogarth Press, 1953.

Freud, S. Formulations regarding the two principles in mental functioning (1911). Collected Papers, 4:4–13. London: Hogarth Press, 1946.

Freud, S. A note upon the “mystic writing-pad” (1925). Collected Papers, 5:5–175. London: Hogarth Press, 1950.

Gardner, R. W. Cognitive styles in categorizing behavior. J. Personal., 22:214–233, 1953.

Gerard, R. W. Imagination in Science. Address delivered to Associates of Bank Street College of Education Conference, New York, 1956.

Ghiselen, B. (ed.) The Creative Process. A Symposium. New York: New American Library, 1955.

Gill, M. The present state of psychoanalytic theory. To be published, J. Abnorm. Soc. Psychol., 1958.

Hartmann, H. Ego Psychology and the Problem of Adaptation (1939). New York: International Universities Press, 1958.

Holzman, P. S. The relation of assimilation tendencies in visual, auditory, and kinesthetic time-error to cognitive attitudes of leveling and sharpening. J. Personal, 22:375–394, 1954.

Klein, G. S. Need and regulation. In: Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, ed. M. R. Jones . Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1954.

Klein, G. S. Perception, motives and personality. In: Psychology of Personality: Six Modern Approaches, ed. J. L. McCary . New York: Logos Press, 1956, pp. 123–199.

Klein, G. S. , Spence, D. P. , Holt, R. R. , & Gourevitch, S. Cognition without awareness: subliminal influences upon conscious thought. Am. Psychologist, 10:380, 1955. (To be published, J. Abnorm. Soc. Psychol, Nov., 1958.)

K$oUhler, W. Gestalt Psychology. New York: Liveright, 1947.

Kubie, L. S. The use of induced hypnagogic reveries in the recovery of repressed amnesic data. Bull. Menninger Clin., 7:172–182, 1943.

Lacey, J. L. , & Smith, R. S. Conditioning and generalization of unconscious anxiety. Science, 20:1045–1052, 1954.

Lazarus, R. S. & McCleary, R. A. Autonomic discrimination without awareness: a study of subception. Psychol. Rev., 55:113–122, 1951.

Luborsky, L. & Shevrin, H. Dreams and day residues. A study of the Poetzl observation. Bull. Menninger Clin., 20:135–148, 1956.

Miller, J. G. Discrimination without awareness. Am. J. Psychol, 52:562–578, 1939.

Miller, J. G. Unconscious processes and perception. In: Perception: An Approach to Personality, ed. R. R. Blake & G. V. Ramsey . New York: Ronald Press, 1951.

Murphy, G. Affect and perceptual learning. Psychol. Rev., 65:1–15, 1956.

Paul, I. H. Studies in remembering: the introduction of connected and extended verbal material. To be published, 1958.

Poetzl, O. Experimentell erregte Traumbilder in ihren Beziehungen zum in-direkten Sehen [Experimentally provoked dream visions in their relations to indirect vision]. Z. Neurol Psychiatr., 57:278–349, 1917.

Pustell, T. E. The experimental induction of perceptual vigilance and defense. J. Personal, 25:425–428, 1957.

Rapaport, D. (ed.) Organization and Pathology of Thought. New York: Columbia University Press, 1951, pp. 689–730.

Rapaport, D. Consciousness: a psychopathological and psychodynamic view. In: Problems of Consciousness, ed. H. A. Abramson . New York: Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation, 1951.

Rapaport, D. The psychoanalytic theory of consciousness and the study of dreams. Lecture to the Detroit Psychoanalytic Society, January 14, 1956.

Rapaport, D. Cognition, cognitive organization, and consciousness. In: Contemporary Approaches to Cognition, ed. J. S. Bruner , et al. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1957.

Rapaport, D. The structure of psychoanalytic theory: a systematizing attempt. In: Systematic Resources of Psychology, ed. S. Koch . New York: McGraw-Hill (in press).

Razran, G. Conditioning and perception. Psychol. Rev., 62:83–95, 1955.

Schilder, P. Medical Psychology, tr. D. Rapaport . New York: International Universities Press, 1953.

Schlesinger, H. Cognitive attitudes in relation to susceptibility to interference. J. Personal., 22:354–374, 1954.

Smith, G. J.W. , Spence, D. P. & Klein, G. S. Subliminal effects of verbal stimuli. Am. Psychologist, 72:394, 1957. (To be published, J. Abnorm. Soc. Psychol.)

Urbantschitsch, V. $UUber subjective optische Anschauungsbilder [Subjective Optical Imagery, tr. S. Bach]. Vienna: Deuticke, 1907.

Wallach, H. Some considerations concerning the relation between perception and cognition. J. Personal., 18:6–13, 1949.