It is argued that important parts of conventional organization theory have severe conceptual shortcomings when studying changes in organizational functioning in the context of societal change. For example, technological and market changes are misconceived when seen in terms of environment, complexity, or uncertainty. In contrast, Marxian theory of work and morganization is presented. It is argued that Marxian theory provides a more valid conceptual framework both in the study of the interplay of technological and market changes in societal change and in the study of the impact of technology and market in organizational functioning. At the end, the conceptions of Marxian theory are concluded in a number of concep tual clues for empirical research studies.
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