This paper critically examines the 'new' sociology of education with respect to the study of learning environments. While borrowing much from the interpretive schools, such as symbolic interactionism, phenome nology, ethnomethodology, and Marxism, the new paradigm has emerged in Britain partly as a reaction to the lack of success of earlier reform policies based on traditional research. It promises to advance understan ding of educational processes related to classroom interaction, classroom language, and the curriculum. At the same time, ambiguous theoretical - links, an implicit positivism, and unresolved relativism toward policy - formulation weaken its appeal. Rather than replacing the traditional so ciology of education, the new paradigm complements it both theoretically and empincally.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Anderson, C.A. 'Salient research themes on the sociology of education in the United States', International Review of Education, Vol. 18 (1972), pp. 13-29.
2.
Baldock, C.V. & Lally, J.Sociolugy in Australia and New ZealandGreenwood Press , Westport, Conn.1974.
3.
Banks, O.Sociology of Education (2nd ed.) Batsford Press, London1972.
4.
Banks, O. 'The "new" sociology of education', Forum, Vol. 17 (1974), pp. 4-7.
5.
Barnes, D.'Language in the secondary classroom', in D. Barnes, J. Britton & H. Rosen (Eds.), Language, the Learner and the School, Penguin, Harmondsworth1969.
6.
Barnes, D.'Language and learning in the classroom', in A. Cashden & E. Grugeon (Eds.), Language in Education, Routledge & Kegan Paul, London1972.
7.
Barnes, D.Language in the Classroom. The Open University Press, 1973.
8.
Bergling, K.The Development of Hypothetic o-Deductive Thunking in Children, Almqvist & Wiksell International, Stockholm1974.
9.
Bernbaum, Gerald.Know ledge and Ideology in the Sociology of Education, The Macmillan Press Ltd., London1977.
10.
Bernstein, B. & Henderson, D. 'Social class differences in the relevance of language to socialization ', Sociology, Vol. 3 ( 1969), pp. 1-20.
11.
Bernstein, B. 'On the classification and framing of educational knowledge'. in M. F. D. Young (Ed.), Knowledge and Control, Collier-Macmillan, London1971.
12.
Bernstein. B.Class, Codes and Control, Vol. 1: Theoretical Studies towards a Sociology of Language, Paladin edition, St. Albans, Herts 1973.
13.
Bernstein, B.'Sociology and the sociology of education: A brief account', in J. Rex (Ed.), Approaches to Sociology , Routledge & Kegan Paul, London1974.
14.
Bernstein, B. 'Introduction', in B. Bernstein (Ed.), Class, Codes and Control, Vol. 3: Towards a Theory of Educational Transmissions, Routledge & Kegan Paul, London1975a.
15.
Bernstein, B. 'Class and pedagogies: Visible and invisible', in B. Bernstein (Ed.), Class, Codes and Control, Vol. 3: Towards a Theory of Educational Transmission, Routledge & Kegan Paul, London1975b.
16.
Bourdieu, P. & Passeron, J.C.La reproduction: Elements pour une théorie du système d'enseignement, Les Editions de Minuit, Paris1970.
17.
Brookover, W.B. & Erikson, L.Sociology of Education, The Dorsey Press, Homewood, Ill.1975.
18.
Brown, R. 'Introduction', in R. Brown (Ed.), Knowledge, Education and Cultural Change, Tavistock Publications, London1973 .
19.
Cicourel, A. & Kitsuse, J.The Educational Decision-makers, The Bobbs-Merrill Company , New York1963.
20.
Clignet, R.Liberty and Equality in the Educational Process, John Wiley & Sons, New York1974.
21.
Coulthard, M. 'A discussion of restricted and elaborated codes', in A. Cashden & E. Grugeon (Eds.). Language in Education, Routledge & Kegan Paul, London1972.
22.
Dahllof, U.Ability Grouping, Content Validity, and Curriculum Process Analysis , Report from the Institute of Education, University of Goteborg , No. 7, 1969 (Later published by the Teachers College Press, New York1971.)
23.
Dale, R. 'Phenomenological perspectives and the sociology of the school', in M. Flude & J. Ahier (Eds.). Educability, Schools and Ideology, Croom Helm, London1974 .
24.
Deutscher, I.Review essay on Cicourel's Cognitive Sociology, American Sociological Review, Vol. 81 (1975 ), pp. 174-179.
25.
Douglas, J.W.B.The Home and the Schnol, MacGibbon & Kee, London1964.
26.
Eggleston, J. 'The contemporary context of research in the sociology of education' , in J. Eggleston (Ed.), Contemporary Research in the Sociology of Education, Methuen , London1974.
27.
Esland, G.Language and Social Reality, The Open University Press , 1973.
28.
Flanders, N.A.Analysing Classroom Behaviou, Addison-Wesley, New York1970.
29.
Floud, J., Halsey, A.H. & Martin, F.Social Class and Educational Opportunity, Heinemann , London1956
30.
Floud, J. & Halsey, A.H.The sociology of education: A trend report and bibliography', Current Sociology , Vol. 7 ( 1958 ), pp 165-233.
31.
Flude, M. & Ahier, J. 'Introduction', in M. Flude & J. Ahier (Eds. ,Educability, Schools and Ideology, Croom Helm, London1974.
32.
Garfinkle, H.Studies in Ethnomethodology, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N. J.1967.
33.
Goldschmidt, D. & Jenne, M. 'Educational sociology in the Federal Republic of Germany', Social Science Information, Vol. 8 ( 1969), pp. 19-29.
34.
Goldthorpe, J. 'A revolution in sociology'?' Sociology, Vol. 7 (1973), pp. 449-462.
35.
Gorbutt, D. 'The new sociology of education', Education for Teaching , Vol. 89 (1972), pp. 3-11.
36.
Greene. M.Curriculum and consciousness', Teachers College Record , Vol. 73 (1971), pp. 253-269.
37.
Greiger, R.M. 'Pygmalion revisited: A loud cry for caution', Interc hange, Vol. 2 (1971), pp. 78-91.
38.
Halsey, A. H., Floud, J. & Anderson, C. A. (Eds.), Education, Economy and Society, The Free Press , New York1961.
39.
Halsey, A.H.'Theoretical advance and empirical challenge', in E. Hopper (Ed.), Readings in the Theory of Educational Systems , Hutchinson, London1971.
Kallos, D. & Lundgren, U.P.Educational psychology: its scope and limits' , British Journal of Educational Psychology, Vol. 45 (1975), pp. 111-121.
43.
Kallos, D. & Lundgren, U.P.An Enquiry Concerning Curriculum: Foundations for Curriculum Change, Institute of Education, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg1976.
44.
Keddie, N. 'Classroom knowledge' , in M. F. D. Young (Ed.), Knowledge and Control, Collier-Macmillan, London1971.
45.
Keddie, N. 'Introduction' , in N. Keddie (Ed.), Tinker, Tailor - the Myth of Cultural Deprivation, Penguin, Harmondsworth1973.
46.
Kuhn, T.S.The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, (2nd ed.), University of Chicago Press, Chicago1970.
47.
Labov, W. 'The logic of nonstandard English', in A. Cashden & E. Grugeon (Eds.), Language in Education, Routledge & Kegan Paul, London1972.
48.
McPherson, A., Swift, D. & Bernstein, B.Eighteen Plus. The Final Selection, The Open University Press, 1972.
49.
Musgrave, P.W. Knowledge.Curriculum and Change, Melbourne University Press , Melboume1973.
50.
Musgrave, P. W. (Ed.), Contemporary Studies in the Curriculum, Angus & Robertson, Sydney1974.
51.
Musgrave, P.W. 'Curriculum, culture and change', in D. Edgar (Ed.), Sociology of Australian Education, McGraw-Hill, Sydney1975.
52.
Nash, J. & Calonico, J.M. 'Sociolinguistic perspectives in Bernstein's sociolinguistics', The Sociological Quarterly, Vol. 15 (1974), pp. 81-92.
53.
National Library for Psychology and Education. Swedish Behavioral Science Research Reports, Stockholm1975.
54.
Pring, R. 'Knowledge out of control', Education for Teaching , Vol. 89 (1972), pp. 19-28.
55.
Prucha, J. 'Bemsteinova teorie o vztahu jazyka, vzdelani a socialni tridy' (The Bernstein theory on the relation of language, education and social class: toward a criticism of a theory of bourgeois pedagogies). Pedagogica, Vol. 25 (1975), pp. 15-32.
56.
Raynor, J. 'The curriculum, the teacher and the child', in M. Shipman & J. Raynor (Eds.), Perspectives on the Curriculum, The Open University Press , 1972.
57.
Rist, R. 'Student social class and teacher expectations: The self-fulfilling prophecy in ghetto education', Harvard Education Review, Vol. 40 (1970), pp. 411-451.
58.
Robinson, E.D. 'An ethnography of classrooms', in J. Eggleston (Ed.), Contemporary Research in the Sociology of Education, Methuen, London1974.
59.
Rosen, H. 'The language of textbooks', in A. Cashden & E. Grugeon (Eds.), Language in Education, Routledge & Kegan Paul , London1972.
60.
Rosenthal, R. & Jacobson, L.Pygmalion in the Classroom, Holt, Rinehart & Winston , New York1968.
61.
Simon, J. "New" direction sociology and comprehensive schooling', Forum, Vol. 17 (1974), pp. 8-14.
62.
Simon, R.J. 'A comment on sociological research and interest in Britain and the United States', The Sociological Review, Vol. 17 (1969), pp. 5-10.
63.
Smith, D. 'Codes, paradigms and folk norms: An approach to educational change with particular reference to the work ofBasil Bernstein', Sociology, Vol. 10 (1976), pp. 1-19.
64.
Stebbens, R.A. 'The meaning of disorderly behavior: Teacher definitions of a classroom situation', Sociology of Education, Vol. 44 (1971), pp. 217-236.
65.
Walker, R. 'The sociology of education and life in school classrooms', International Review of Education, Vol. 18 (1972), pp. 32-41.
66.
Whitty, G.'Sociology and the problem of radical educational change', in M. Flude & J. Ahier (Eds.), Educability, Schools and Ideology, Croom Helm, London1974.
67.
Williamson, B. 'Continuities and discontinuities in the sociology of education', in M. Flude & . J. Ahier (Eds.). Educability, Schools and Ideology, Croom Helm, London1974 .
68.
Withall, J. & Lewis, W.W. 'Social interaction in the classroom', in N. L. Gage (Ed.), Handbook of Research on Teaching, Rand McNally, Chicago1963.
69.
Young, M.F.D. & Keddie, N.'New directions: Is there anything happening in socioiogy?' (unpublished paper), (n.d.).
70.
Young, M.F.D.'Knowledge and control', in M. F. D. Young (Ed.), Knowledge and Control, Collier-Macmillan , London1971a.
71.
Young, M.F.D. 'An approach to the study of curricula as socially organized knowledge ', in M. F. D. Young (Ed.), Knowledge and Control, Collier-Macmillan, London1971b.
72.
Young, M.F.D. 'On the politics of educational knowledge', Economy and Society, Vol. 1 (1972), pp. 194-215.
73.
Young, M.F.D. 'Curriculum change. Limits and possibilities', Educational Studies, Vol. 1 (1975), pp. 129-138.
