Abstract
On behalf of the guest editors and reviewers, it is an honor for us to introduce you to this special issue, which includes articles that cover topics of particular interest to researchers in the field of sensor technology and applications in industrial control system.
This issue contains 41 articles coming from various countries, among which are Germany, China, South Korea, India, Greece, Turkey, and Macau. Achieving such a high quality of papers would have been impossible without the huge work that was undertaken by the editorial board members and external reviewers. We take this opportunity to thank them for their great support and cooperation.
Authors proposed a resource and energy efficient distributed image compression algorithm that dynamically configured according to the energy levels and the forwarding strategy that is based on the entropy of the image in “Power efficient clustering for wireless multimedia sensor network.”
In “Multicarrier spread spectrum communication scheme for cruising sensor network in confined underwater space,” authors proposed a communication scheme which applies spread spectrum in orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) to address severe frequency selective fading channels.
The paper “Development of a sensor network-based smps system: a smart led monitoring application based on wireless sensor network” proposed a sensor network-based smart SMPS (switch mode power supply) system. The proposed system makes power supply stable and efficient by providing output current control and sensor network-based monitoring.
In the paper “An intrusive analyzer for hadoop systems based on wireless sensor networks,” authors proposed an intrusive analyzer that detects interesting events that occur in distributed processing systems with hadoop in wireless sensor networks.
The paper “Real-time 3D simulation for the trawl fishing gear based on parallel processing of sonar sensor data” presented a three-dimensional (3D) visualization tool that offers real-time simulations of the trawl fishing gear using parallel processing for the particles applying the force vectors.
In the paper “Activity graph feature selection for activity pattern classification,” authors proposed a framework that can classify activity patterns effectively. The authors extensively analyzed activity models from a classification viewpoint. Experiments showed the proposed method achieves high classification accuracy compared with existing graph classification techniques.
In the paper “Privacy Protection of the Sensor System based on the Android Platform” authors proposed a browser-free multilevel smart phone privacy protection system, which is based on the Android sensor platform. In this system, protection was ensured by means of SMS, which turns out to be easy, quick, and convenient.
In “Enhanced service-oriented open sensor web architecture with application server based mashup,” authors presented an improved SOA (service-oriented architecture) based sensor web architecture which offers an easy approach to bind sensor data from various sensor service providers as well as other information providers and enables the users to access it as a single, integrated, and searchable service.
The paper “Power conservation and security enhancement in wireless sensor networks: a priority based approach” proposed an approach called priority-based approach (PBA) which empowers the node to choose the most important packet based on the priority and the current energy status of the forwarding node.
In “Ubiquitous sensor networks and image processing based environmental monitoring system for fire safety,” authors proposed the integrated method for reducing the fire risks through sensors such as temperature and humidity, ZigBee technology, camera control and image processing technologies, and real-time data transmission technology.
The paper “Self-supervised sensor learning and its application: building 3D semantic maps using terrain classification” proposed a method that enables a robot to classify terrain in various outdoor environments using terrain information that it recognizes without the assistance of a user; then, it creates a three-dimensional (3D) semantic map.
A smart phone is the best device on which an ILBVS runs because a smart phone has PC level computing power and storage capacity, and it is a personal belonging that the owner always carries. Therefore, the paper “Indoor location based VOD service using smart phone sensors” proposed an efficient way of implementing an indoor location based VOD service (ILBVS) as a smart phone app.
The paper “A hazardous chemical-oriented monitoring and tracking system based on sensor network” provided a new method for the storage and transportation of hazardous chemicals. And a network microsystem for real-time monitoring and tracking of hazardous chemicals leak detection was designed, too.
In the paper “Design and implementation of a field inspection management system based on wireless sensor networks,” authors presented a design and implementation of a field inspection management system based on wireless sensor networks. In addition, authors proposed security measures for preventing information stealing and alteration in the embedded system.
In “Stereoscopic media art that changes based on gender classification using a depth sensor,” for gender classification in a dark environment such as an exhibition hall, a depth sensor that discerned between the human head and the body and a support vector machine (SVM) that classified internal factors were used.
In the paper “Cyberphysical security for industrial control systems based on wireless sensor networks,” authors reviewed the possible threats posed to the industrial control system (ICS) and made a survey about related researches on the security countermeasures.
In “An error control method with linear block code in sensor networks,” the construction of the transform matching evaluation method has been proposed. This method showed a better performance than the reunion junction technique. The low complexity of the method allowed the use of long linear block codes in sensor networks.
In “Performance evaluation of a communication protocol for vital signs sensors used for the monitoring of athletes,” authors presented results of system's performance evaluation for the IEEE 802.15.4 standard, including the physical (PHY) layer and media access control (MAC) sublayer, in order to collect and store large sets of athletes’ data as well as providing results about network values such as end-to-end delay and load and throughput captured from global and objects statistics.
In “Intercluster ant colony optimization algorithm for wireless sensor network in dense environment,” intercluster ant colony optimization algorithm (IC-ACO) was proposed that relies upon ACO algorithm for routing of data packets in wireless sensor networks and an attempt was made to minimize the efforts wasted in transferring the redundant data sent by the sensors which lie in the close proximity of each other in a densely deployed wireless sensor network.
In the paper “ANN-based estimation of groundwater quality using a wireless water quality network,” a wireless water quality network was deployed to collect water quality parameters periodically and an artificial neural network-based estimation method is proposed to estimate groundwater quality.
In the paper “Sensor-based turmeric finger growth characteristics monitoring using embedded system under soil,” authors monitored the turmeric finger growth characteristics using embedded system a sensor array module with array of sensors such as flex sensor, temperature sensor, and pH sensor.
The main idea of the paper “An efficient index building algorithm for selection of aggregator nodes in wireless sensor networks” was to construct a convex hull over the sensor nodes in the WSNs, which enables the speedup of the extraction of a set of sensor nodes that are potential candidates in becoming an aggregator node.
In the paper “Load balanced congestion adaptive routing for mobile ad hoc networks,” a congestion adaptive routing along with load balancing, that is, load balanced congestion adaptive routing (LBCAR) has been proposed. And performance of the network using LBCAR was analyzed and compared with congestion adaptive routing protocol (CRP) for packet delivery ratio, average end-to-end delay, and normalized routing overhead.
The paper “The meat freshness monitoring system using the smart RFID tag” focused on detecting the temperature, humidity, and gases released by meat. The authors analyzed the factors affecting the freshness of meat and decided to use a gas sensor as the main detection method.
The authors presented a methodology about BCI (brain computer interface) based environment system for immersion of FPS (first-person shooter) game play in “BCI sensor based environment changing system for immersion of 3D game.” FPS game is a video game genre centered on gun and projectile weapon-based combat.
In the paper “Automatic sound scene control using image sensor network,” authors proposed the automatic sound scene control system using the image sensor network for preserving the constant sound scene without respect to the users’ movement.
The paper “An intelligent guardrail context-awareness system based on acceleration sensors in ubiquitous sensor networks” proposed a guardrail context-awareness system based on the analysis of acceleration sensors to manage guardrails systematically. Guardrails are one of the major ground facilities in a Ubiquitous-city (U-city).
The paper “Underwater sonar signals recognition by incremental data stream mining with conflict analysis” presented an alternative data mining strategy suitable for the progressive purging of noisy data via fast conflict analysis from the data stream without the need to learn from the whole dataset at one time.
In the paper “Nonnegative matrix factorization based adaptive noise sensing over wireless sensor networks,” an adaptive noise sensing method was proposed to improve the speech sensing performance of speech-based applications operated over wireless sensor networks.
In “Cluster and location based overlay multicast in mobile ad hoc and sensor networks,” authors proposed a novel overlay multicast protocol over wireless sensor network, CLOM (cluster and location based overlay multicast) which uses both cluster based approach and location based approach.
The paper “Image obfuscation in the user-friendly sensitive area with the use of a sensor for smart devices and image processing techniques” aimed to create user-friendly artistic sensibility related to images in the sensitive areas needed for privacy protection by using a sensor in a smart phone and image processing techniques such as contour extraction, blurring, blending, and brightness adjustment.
In the paper “A new real-time and guaranteed lifetime protocol in wireless sensor networks,” authors presented a new centralized energy and coverage aware node scheduling scheme for WSNs to analyze energy usage as well as balances energy consumption among nodes to survive for the preconfigured lifetime.
In “A packet loss concealment technique improving quality of service for wideband speech coding in wireless sensor networks,” a packet loss concealment (PLC) algorithm was proposed to improve the quality of decoded speech when packet losses occur in a wireless sensor network. The proposed algorithm was mainly based on artificial bandwidth extension (ABE) from narrowband to wideband.
In “Immersive real-acting virtual aquarium with motion tracking sensors,” authors realized a real space-based virtual aquarium equipped with a multiview function that provides images for users and audiences at the same time through motion tracking sensors.
Authors presented a low cost battery-powered 6-degree-of-freedom wireless wand for 3D modeling in free space by triaxis magnetic, angular rate, gravity (MARG), and vision sensor fusion in the paper “6DOF wireless tracking wand using MARG and vision sensor fusion.”
To refine the m-commerce process in the NFC-based mobile environment, authors studied NFC and location-based services and authors proposed a WSN-hosted m-payment system based on these technologies in the paper “Proposed M-payment system using near-field communication and based on WSN-enabled location-based services for M-commerce.”
The paper “Does human finger's pressure sensing improve user text input on mobile device? a study on input performance improvement based on human finger's pressure on mobile device” introduced a pressure-sensitive text input system that provides an easier and faster method for entering Korean in the rapidly expanding smartphone environment. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed system, a pressure sensitive text input system is implemented, too.
The paper “An approach to segmenting initial object movement in visual sensor networks” suggested a new method to extract the initial movement of moving objects in digital image data obtained in visual sensor networks. The suggested algorithm first received input consecutive images, partitioned them into nonoverlapping square blocks of pixels, and extracted block-based motion vectors from the received images, which represented the movement information between two adjacent frames, by using the block matching algorithm.
In the paper “Trajectory-based road-geometry and crash-risk estimation with smartphone-assisted sensor networks,” authors presented a system for monitoring road geometry and crash risk estimation, based on trajectories created using a smartphone-aided sensor network.
In a decentralized sensor system, sensing information of neighbors is fused locally rather than via central control as enabled by a distribution of intelligent agents with some degree of decision-making autonomy. A major research objective of the paper “Consensus achievement of decentralized sensors using adapted particle swarm optimization algorithm” was to establish cooperative behavior between sensors with no external supervision.