Relationship between circulating serum omentin-1 levels and nascent metabolic syndrome in patients with hypertension

Abstract

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is more common in patients with hypertension and is associated with an increased risk of target organ damage and/or cardiovascular disease (CVD). Omentin-1 is a beneficial adipokine considered to play a role in MetS and MetS-related states such as obesity, diabetes, and coronary artery disease. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between circulating omentin-1 levels and MetS uncomplicated by diabetes or CVD (nascent MetS) in patients with hypertension. In this study, 110 patients (54 men, 49%; average age: 49.72±11.32 years) treated for hypertension but without overt diabetes and/or CVD were enrolled. 66 patients were stratified into MetS (+) (group 1) and 44 patients into MetS (−) (group 2) according to the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute criteria. The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index was used to assess insulin resistance. Circulating omentin-1 levels in venous blood samples were measured by an ELISA kit. Circulating omentin-1 levels in patients with MetS were significantly lower than in patients without MetS (46.35 ng/mL (42.70–57.70 ng/mL) vs 130.95 ng/mL (62.83–236.48 ng/mL), p<0.001). Omentin-1 was inversely correlated with TyG index (r=−0.204, p=0.033). In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, omentin-1, TyG index, and body mass index were independent predictors of MetS. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis determined that the best cut-off value for omentin-1 in predicting MetS was 62.20 ng/mL and the area under the curve was 0.880 (95% CI 0.817 to 0.942, p<0.001). The findings of this study suggest that circulating omentin-1 levels are inversely related to the presence of MetS and may be a reliable marker to predict the development of MetS in patients with hypertension.