The use of low-power “soft” lasers for the relief of pain has become popular among physiotherapists and acupuncturists, mainly on the strength of uncontrolled anecdotal reports of their efficacy. This review of the available controlled clinical trials suggests that, except in certain specific areas, the role of lasers in the relief of pain is merely that of a powerful placebo.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AiraksinenO, RantanenP, PerttiK, PöntinenP (1989) Effects of the infrared laser therapy at treated and non—treated trigger points. Acupuncture and Electro-therapeutics Research International Journal.14: 9–14
2.
BasfordJR (1986) Low-energy laser treatment of pain and wounds: Hype, Hope or Hokum?Mayo Clinic Proceedings.61: 671–5
3.
BasfordJR (1989) Low-energy laser therapy; Controversies and new research findings. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine.9: 1–5
4.
BasfordJR, SheffieldPT, MairBA, IllstrupMS (1987) Low-energy Helium-Neon laser treatment of thumb osteoarthritis. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 68: 794–7
5.
BischkoJ (1980) Use of the laser beam in acupuncture. Acupuncture and Electro-therapeutics Research International Journal.5: 29–40
6.
BliddalH, HellsenC, DitlevsenP, AsselberghsJ, LyagerL (1987) Soft-laser therapy of rheumatoid arthritis. Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology.16: 225
7.
BrockhausA, ElgerCE (1990) Hypoalgesic efficacy of acupuncture on experimental pain in man. Comparison of laser acupuncture and needle acupuncture. Pain.43: 181–5
8.
BoussignacG, VieilledentC, GeschwindH (1985) Thermal effects of semiconductor lasers in man (abstract). In: Proceedings of the 6th Congress of the International Society for Laser Surgery and Medicine: 77
9.
CalderheadG, OhshiroT, ItohE, OkadaT, KatoY (1982) The Nd YAG and Ga ALAs Lasers: A comparative analysis in pain therapy. Laser Acupuncture.21: 1–4
10.
ColovHC, PalmgrenN, JansenGF, KaaK, WindelinM (1987) Convincing clinical improvement of rheumatoid arthritis by soft laser therapy. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine.7: 77
11.
DevorM (1990) What's in a laser beam for pain therapy?Pain.43: 139
12.
ForkRL (1971) Laser stimulation of nerve cells in Aplysia californica. Science.171: 907–8
13.
GoldmanJA, ChiapellaJ, CaseyH, BassNet al (1980) Laser therapy of rheumatoid arthritis. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine.1: 93–101
14.
GlykofridisS, DiamantopoulosC (1987) Comparison between laser acupuncture and physiotherapy. Acupuncture in Medicine.4(1): 6–9
15.
GreathouseDG, CurrierDP, GilmoreRL (1985) Effects of clinical infrared laser on superficial radial nerve conduction. Physical Therapy.65: 1184–7
16.
HakerE, LundebergT (1990) Laser treatment applied to acupuncture points in lateral humeral epicondylalgia. A double—blind study. Pain.43: 243–7
17.
HansenHJ, ThoroeU (1990) Low-power laser biostimulation of chronic orofacial pain. A double—blind placebo controlled cross—over study in 40 patients. Pain.43: 169–79
18.
JarvisD, MacIverMB, TanelianDL (1990) Electrophysiological recording and thermodynamic modeling demonstrate that Helium-Neon laser irradiation does not affect peripheral A-δ or C-fiber nociceptors. Pain.43: 235–42
19.
JensenH, HarrebyM, KjerJ (1987) Is infrared laser effective in painful arthritis of the knee?Ugeskrift Forlaeger.149: 3104–6
20.
KlideAM, MartinBB (1988) A comparison of three different acupuncture methods for treating chronic back pain in horses. Abstract of the 4th international Symposium, Acupuncture and Electro-therapeutics Research International Journal, 13(4): 257
21.
KroetLinger M (1980) On the use of the laser in acupuncture. International Journal of Acupuncture and Electro-therapeutics Research.5: 297–311
22.
LevineJD, GordonNC, FieldsHL (1978) The mechanism of placebo analgesia. Lancet, 2: 654–7
23.
LundebergT, HakerE, ThomasM (1987a) Effects of laser versus placebo in tennis elbow. Scandinavian Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine.19: 135–8
24.
LundebergT, HodeL, ZhouJ (1987b) A comparative study of the pain—relieving effect of laser treatment and acupuncture. Acta Physiologica Scandanavica.131 (1): 161–2
25.
LundebergT, HodeL, ZhouJ (1988) Effect of low—power laser irradiation on nociceptive cells in Hirudo Medicinalis. Acupuncture and Electro-therapeutics Research International tournai.13: 99–104
26.
McAuleyR, YslaR (1985) Soft laser: a treatment for osteoarthritis of the knee? (abstract). Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.66: 577 (N.B. due to printer's error title of this paper and one by Ysla & McAuley on trial of laser in Carpal tunnel syndrome have been transposed)
27.
McKibbinLS, ParaschakDM (1983) A study of the effects of lasering on chronic bowed tendons at Wheatley Hall Farm Limited, Canada, January 1983. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine.3: 55–9
28.
McKibbinLS, ParaschakDM (1984) Use of laser light to treat certain lesions in standardbreds. Modern Veterinary Practice. March: 210–13
29.
MelzackR, WallP (1982) The Challenge of Pain.Penguin, Harmondsworth, Middlesex: 323
30.
OyamadaY, IzuS (1985) Application of low energy laser in chronic rheumatic arthritis and related rheumatoid diseases (abstract). in: Proceedings of the 6th Congress of the International Society for Laser Surgery and Medicine: 80
31.
PonnuduraiRN, ZbuzekVK, WuW (1987) Hypoalgesic effect of laser photostimulation shown by rat tail—flick test. Acupuncture and Electro-therapeutics Research International Journal.12: 93–100
32.
PonnuduraiRN, ZbuzekVK, NiuH, WuW (1988) Laser photobiostimulation—induced hypalgesia in rats is not naloxone reversible. Acupuncture and Electro-therapeutics Research International Journal, 13: 109–17
SiebertW, SeichertN, SiebertB, WirthCJ (1987) What is the efficacy of “soft” and “mid” lasers in therapy of tendinopathies? A double—blind study. Archives of Orthopaedic and Traumatic Surgery.106: 358–63
WalkerJB, KatzRL (1981b) Peripheral nerve stimulation in the management of dysmenorrhoea. Pain.11: 355–61
46.
WaylonisGW, WilkeA, O'TooleD, WaylonisDA, WaylonisDB (1988) Chronic myofascial pain: Management by low—output Helium-Neon laser therapy. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.69: 1017–20
47.
Wilder-SmithP (1988) The soft laser: therapeutic tool or popular placebo. Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology.66: 654–8
48.
WuW, PonnuduraiR, KatzJ, PottCBet al (1987) Failure to confirm report of light—evoked response of peripheral nerve to low—power Helium-Neon laser light stimulus. Brain Research.40: 407–8
49.
YslaR, McAuleyR (1985) Effects of low—power infrared laser stimulation on carpal tunnel syndrome. A double—blind study, (abstract). Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.66: 553–4 (N.B. due to printer's error title of this paper and one by McAuley & Ysla on laser treatment of osteoarthritis of knee have been transposed).
50.
GamAN, ThorsenH, LønnbergF (1993) The effect of low—level laser therapy on musculoskeletal pain: a meta—analysis. Pain.52: 63–6