Cambon-ThomsenA., “The Social and Ethical Issues of Post-Genomic Human Biobanks,”Nature Reviews Genetics5, no. 11 (2004): 866–873 [hereinafter cited as Cambon-Thomsen].
4.
MarodinG.SalgueiroJ. B.MottaM. L., “Diretrizes nacionais para biorrepositório e biobanco de material biológico humano,”Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira59, no. 1 (2013): 72–77.
PereiraA. C.BensenorI. M.FedeliL. M., “Delineamento e implementação do biobanco do ELSA-Brasil: Estudo prospectivo na população brasileira,”Revista de Saúde Pública47, no. 2 (2013): 72–78.
9.
Brazilian Constitution, 5 October 1988 as amended 4 June 1998.
10.
Brazilian Law n. 10.406, January 10, 2002.
11.
Brazilian Law n. 9.279, May 14, 1996.
12.
Brazilian Law n. 10.205, March 10, 2001.
13.
Brazil National Health Council, Resolution CNS 466/12 –Guidelines and Regulatory Standards for Research Involving Human Beings (2012), available at <http://conselho.saude.gov.br/resolucoes/2012/Reso466.pdf> (last visited October 16, 2015).
14.
Brazil National Health Council, Resolution 196/96 – Guidelines and Regulatory Standards for Research Involving Human Beings (1996), available at <http://conselho.saude.gov.br/resolucoes/1996/Res196_en.pdf> (last visited October 16, 2015).
15.
KnoppersB. M.Abdul-RahmanM. H.BédardK., “Genomic Databases and International Collaboration,”King's Law Journal18, no. 2 (2007): 291–312.
16.
Brazil National Health Council, Resolution 340/04 – Guidelines for Ethical Analysis and Processing of Research Projects on Human Genetics (2004), available at <http://conselho.saude.gov.br/resolucoes/2004/reso340.doc> (last visited October 16, 2015).
17.
The CEPs (Comitês de Ética em Pesquisa) are equivalent to the American Institutional Review Boards (IRB) and the Canadian Research Ethics Boards (REB). To the purposes of this paper, the CEPs will be named as Institutional Review Boards.
Brazil National Health Council, Resolution 347/05 – Guidelines for Ethical Analyzing of Research projects That Involve Material Storage or Utilization of Stored Materials in Prior Researches (2005), available at <http://conselho.saude.gov.br/resolucoes/2005/Res347_en.pdf> (last visited October 16, 2015).
20.
KnoppersB. M.Abdul-RahmanM. H., “Chapter 2: Biobanks in the Literature,” in ElgerB.Biller-AndornoN.MauronA., eds., Ethical Issues in Governing Biobanks (Burlington: Ashgate Publishing, 2008).
21.
Law 14/2007 on Biomedical Research, July 3, 2007.
22.
HanssonM. G., “Ethics and Biobanks,”British Journal of Cancer100, no. 1 (2009): 8–12.
23.
ClaytonE. W.RossL. F., “Implications of Disclosing Individual Results of Clinical Research,”JAMA295, no. 1 (2006): 37–38.
24.
SharpR. R.FosterM. W., “Clinical Utility and Full Disclosure of Genetic Results to Research Participants,”American Journal of Bioethics6, no. 6 (2006): 42–44.
25.
See Cambon-Thonsem, supra note 3.
26.
MarodinG.FrançaP. H.SalgueiroJ. B., “Alternatives of Informed Consent for Storage and Use of Human Biological Material for Research Purposes: Brazilian Regulation,”Developing World Bioethics14, no. 3 (2014): 127–131 [hereinafter cited as Marodin 2014].
27.
MarodinG.FrançaP.RochaJ. C., “Biobanking for Health Research in Brazil: Present Challenges and Future Directions,”Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública31, no. 6 (2012): 523–528 [hereinafter cited as Marodin 2012].
28.
WolfS. M.LawrenzF. P.NelsonC. A., “Managing Incidental Findings in Human Subjects Research: Analysis and Recommendations,”Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics36, no. 2 (2008): 219–248.
29.
ArribasM. C. M.DíazJ. A., “Biobancos y Utilización de Muestras de Origen Humano en Investigación Quirúrgica. Marco Normativo Actual,”Cirurgía Española, 89no. 4 (2011): 207–212.
30.
McGuireA. L.BeskowL. M., “Informed Consent in Genomics and Genetic Research,”Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics22, no. 11 (2010): 361–381 [hereinafter cited as McGuire].
31.
Moore v. Regents of the University of California, 793 P.2d 479 (Cal. 1990).
32.
Washington University v. Catalona, 490 F.3d 667 (8th Cir. 2007), cert. denied, 552 U.S. 1166 (2008).
33.
See Cambon-Thonsem, supra note 3.
34.
HanssonM. G.DillnerJ.BartramC. R., “Should Donors Be Allowed to Give Broad Consent to Future Biobank Research?”Lancet Oncology7, no. 3 (2006): 266–269.
35.
See Marodin2012, supra note 27.
36.
See McGuire, supra note 30.
37.
De FariaP. L.De CamposA. P., “A Nova Lei sobre Informação de Saúde, Informação Genética e Biobancos – Guia das Disposições mais Importantes,”Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Pública23, no. 1 (2005): 97–112.
38.
Public Law 110–233, 122 Stat.881 (2008).
39.
See McGuire, supra note 30.
40.
See Marodin2014, supra note 26.
41.
O'DohertyK. C.BurgessM. M.EdwardsK., “From Consent to Institutions: Designing Adaptive Governance for Genomic Biobanks,”Social Science and Medicine73, no. 3 (2011): 367–374.