Addressing Antibiotic Resistance Requires Robust International Accountability Mechanisms

Hoffman S. J. Røttingen J.-A. , “Assessing the Expected Impact of Global Health Treaties: Evidence from 90 Quantitative Evaluations,” American Journal of Public Health 105, no. 1 (2015): 26–40.

Hoffman S. J. Outterson K. Røttingen J.-A. Cars O. Clift C. Rizvi Z. Rotberg F. Tomson G. Zorzet A. , “An International Legal Framework to Address Antimicrobial Resistance,” Bulletin of the World Health Organization 93, no. 2 (2015): 66; Hoffman S. J. Røttingen J.-A. Frenk J. , “International Law Has a Role to Play in Addressing Antibiotic Resistance,” Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 43, no. 2, Supp. (2015): Available via aslme.org.

See Hoffman Røttingen , supra note 1; Hoffman S. J. Røttingen J.-A. , “Assessing Implementation Mechanisms for an International Agreement on Research and Development for Health Products,” Bulletin of the World Health Organization 90, no. 11 (2012): 854–863; Hoffman S. J. , “Making the International Health Regulations Matter: Promoting Compliance through Effective Dispute Resolution,” in Rushton S. Youde J. , eds., Routledge Handbook on Global Health Security (Oxford: Routledge, 2014): At 239–252.

Schedler A. , “Conceptualizing Accountability,” in Schedler A. Diamond L. Plattner M. F. , eds., The Self-Restraining State: Power and Accountability in New Democracies (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 1999): At 13–28.

Grant R. W. Koehane R. O. , “Accountability and Abuses of Power in World Politics,” American Political Science Review 99, no. 1 (2005): 29–43.

Bovens M. , “Analysing and Assessing Accountability: A Conceptual Framework,” European Law Journal 4, no. 13 (2007): 447–468.

Rizvi Z. Hoffman S. J. , “Effective Global Action on Antibiotic Resistance Requires Careful Consideration of Convening Forums,” Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 43, no. 2, Supp. (2015): Available via aslme.org.

Behdinan A. Hoffman S. J. Pearcey M. , “Some Global Policies for Antibiotic Resistance Depend on Legally Binding and Enforceable Commitments,” Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 43, no. 2, Supp. (2015): Online only.

Mitchell R. B. , “Sources of Transparency: Information Systems in International Regimes,” International Studies Quarterly 42, no. 1 (1998): 109–130.

See Hoffman Røttingen , supra note 1.

See Hoffman Røttingen , supra note 3; Victor G. Greene O. Lanchbery J. di Primio J.C. Korula A. , “Review Mechanisms in the Effective Implementation of International Environmental Agreements,” IIASA Working Paper WP-94-114 (Laxenburg, Austria: International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, 1994).

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Antibiotic Resistance Threats in the United States, 2013 (2013).

See Hoffman Røttingen , supra note 1.

See Hoffman , supra note 3; Menkel-Meadow C. J. , “Dispute Resolution,” in Cane P. Kritzer H. , eds., The Oxford Handbook of Empirical Legal Research (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010): At 596–624.

See Hoffman , supra note 3.

Yang T. , “International Treaty Enforcement as a Public Good: Institutional Deterrent Sanctions in International Environmental Agreements,” Michigan Journal of International Law 27 (2006): 1131–1184.

See Hoffman , supra note 3.

Hoffman S. J. Røttingen J.-A. Frenk J. , “Assessing Proposals for New Global Health Treaties: An Analytic Framework,” American Journal of Public Health (2015): e1–e8, doi:10. 2105/AJPH.2015.302726.

See Hoffman Røttingen , supra note 1.

Hoffman S. J. , “Mitigating Inequalities of Influence among States in Global Decision Making,” Global Policy 3, no. 4 (2012): 421–432.

Barnes A. Brown G. W. , “The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria: Expertise, Accountability and the Depoliticisation of Global Health Governance,” in Williams O. D. Rushton S. , eds., Partnerships and Foundations in Global Health Governance (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011): At 53–75.

Esty D. C. , “Rethinking Global Environmental Governance to Deal with Climate Change: The Multiple Logics of Global Collective Action,” American Economic Review: Papers & Proceedings 98, no. 2 (2008): 116–121.

See Hoffman , supra note 3.

Flynn S. , “Special 301 and Global Administrative Law,” in Dreyfuss R. C. Garavito C. R. , eds., Balancing Wealth and Health (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014): At 225–246.