Nonbinding Legal Instruments in Governance for Global Health: Lessons from the Global AIDS Reporting Mechanism

WHO, WHOs Role in Global Health Governance: Report by the Director-General, Executive Board Report, EB 132/5 Add. 5 (January 18, 2013); WHO, WHO Reform: Report by the Director-General, World Health Assembly Document, A65/40 (March 22, 2012) (identifying international agreed instruments as a priority function of WHO in achieving its mandate to act as the directing and coordinating authority on international health work). The Draft Twelfth General Progamme of Work emphasizes that WHOs multilateral convening function in bringing countries together to negotiate conventions and other international agreements is a practical expression of WHOs function to act as the directing and coordinating authority on international health work and bring greater coherence and coordination to global health governance. The draft also identifies WHOs role in global health governance as a strategic priority. WHO, Draft Twelfth General Programme of Work, World Health Assembly Document, WHA 66/6 (April 19, 2013).

See Roemer R. , Origins of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, American Journal of Public Health 95, no. 6 (2005): 936–938; Taylor A. L. , Making the World Health Organization Work: A Legal Framework for Universal Access to the Conditions for Health, American Journal of Law and Medicine 18, no. 4 (1992): 301–346.

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Id.; Walt G. Buse K. , and Harmer A. , Cooperation in Global Public Health, in Merson M. H. Black R. E. , and Mills A. J. , eds., Global Health: Diseases, Programs, Systems, and Policies, 3rd ed. (Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett, 2012): at 853–884.

See Hein , supra note 3, at 55; Buse K. , Global Health Governance: The Emerging Agenda, in Buse K. Hein W. , and Drager N. , eds., Making Sense of Global Health Governance: A Policy Perspective (Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave-Macmillan, 2009).

Taylor A. L. Dhillon I. S. , An International Legal Strategy for Alcohol Control: Not A Framework Convention – At Least Not Yet, Addiction 108, no. 3 (2013): 450–455.

UNAIDS brings together the resources of the UNAIDS Secretariat and 11 organizations within the UN for coordinated and accountable efforts to unite the world against AIDS.

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Id. and Taylor , supra note 2.

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Kingsbury B. Krisch N. , and Stewart R. , The Emergence of Global Administrative Law, Law and Contemporary Problems 68, no. 3/4 (2005): 15–62; Vogel D. , The Globalization of Pharmaceutical Regulation, Governance 11, no. 1 (1998): 1–22.

Abbott K. Snidal D. , Hard and Soft Law in International Governance, International Organization 54, no. 3 (2000): 421–456.

See, e.g., supra notes 19–22.

See, e.g., Guzman A. T. Meyer T. L. , International Soft Law, Journal of Legal Analysis 2, no. 1 (2011): 171–225; Grnchalla-Wesierski T. , A Framework for Understanding ‘Soft Law, McGill Law Journal 30, no. 1 (1984): 37–88; see Abbott Snidal , supra note 26; Taylor Dhillon , supra note 6.

See Taylor , supra note 23.

See Abbott Snidal , supra note 26.

See Guzman and Meyer , supra note 28.

See Abbott Snidal , supra note 26.

Hillgenberg H. , A Fresh Look at Soft Law, European Journal of International Law 10, no. 3 (1999): 499–515; see Abbott and ? Snidal , supra note 26.

Id. (Hillgenberg); Abbott Snidal , supra note 26.

See Abbott Snidal , supra note 26.

See Guzman Meyer , supra note 28; Abbott and Snidal, supra note 26.

Id. ( Abbott Snidal ).

See Hillgenberg , supra note 33; but see Guzman Meyer , supra note 28, at 198 ([W]e are of the view that, all else equal, as a formal matter soft law is not significantly easier to amend than hard law).

See Hillgenberg , supra note 33.

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S.C. Res. 1308, U.N. Doc. S/RES/1308 (July 17, 2000).

Id., at $5.

Id., at &Pr6.

G.A. Res. 55/13, &Pr1, U.N. Doc. A/RES/55/13 (2000).

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Id.

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Id.

Id., at &Pr94.

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Id., at &Pr54.

Id., at &Pr61.

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Id., at S100.

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Id.

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See Rugg , supra note 65, at S72.

See 2012 Reporting Guidelines, supra note 59, at 16.

Id.

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Id.

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See, e.g., United Nations General Assembly, Uniting for Universal Access: Towards Zero New HIV Infections, Zero Discrimination and Zero AIDS-Related Deaths, Report of the Secretary-General, U.N. Rep. 65/797, U.N. Doc. A/65/797 (March 28, 2011).

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See Abbott Snidal , supra note 26, at 423.

See, e.g., Taylor A. L. Dhillon I. , Transformative Diplomacy: Negotiation of the WHO Global Code of Practice on the International Recruitment of Health Personnel, in Rosskam E. Kickbusch I. , eds., Negotiating and Navigating Global Health (Singapore: World Scientific Publishing 2012): at 101–127.

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Collins C. Coates T. , and Szekes G. , Accountability in the Global Response to HIV: Measuring Progress, Driving Change, AIDS 22, Supp. 2 (2008): S105–S111.

See Peersman , supra note 83.

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See Taylor Dhillon , supra note 117.

See Taylor , supra note 3; Kapur , supra note 15; Murphy H. Kellow A. , Forum Shopping in Global Governance: Understanding States, Business and NGOs in Multiple Arenas, Global Policy 4, no. 2 (2013): 139–149.

Taylor A. L. , Forum Shopping in International Health Law-making: Implications for Global Health Governance Reform, paper presented at the University of California Hastings College of Law Faculty Colloquium, October 2012.

Liberman J. , Alternative Legal Strategies for Alcohol Control: Not a Framework Convention – At Least Not Right Now, Response to Taylor A. L. Dhillon I. S. , supra note 6.

See Murphy Kellow , supra note 131.