Abstract
Objective
As society moves toward flexible work patterns and integrated lifestyles, people working at home are changing their residential environments to support their work activities and meet their psychological needs. This study was conducted to understand how full–time homeworkers define their office space and maintain a functioning family environment through applying the concepts of territoriality, privacy, and control.
Research Design
Both a quantitative and a qualitative method of investigation were employed. Surveys determined how homeworkers set up their offices, and in–depth interviews explored behavioral issues within the physical context of the home.
Analysis
The theoretical basis for the study originated from Barker's (1968) behavior setting theory and Taylor's (1988) territorial functioning theory. The survey information was analyzed to calculate percentage quantities and test relationships. The qualitative information was gathered through field research and presented as a series of case studies.
Key Findings
A mismatch was found between the residential environment and the patterns of work. Behavioral issues were given more significance than aesthetic and functional conditions of the physical space. Spatial boundaries were used more often than temporal boundaries to distinguish work from home. A conflict between sociability and individuality also emerged; the delineation of the office space affected people's perception of being pulled into family life or isolated to work.
Conclusion
The findings illuminate the need for new housing where the office is an integral part of the residence. The integration of home and work can only occur through a careful negotiation of space and provisions for desired levels of interaction and privacy.
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