Abstract
Objective
The objective of this study was to examine the effects of two–dimensional color contrast and interior lighting color on the readability of interior signs for older adults.
Research Design
Eleven signs (10 chromatic text and background combinations/1 white and black) were presented to 40 subjects, age 60–75. Three separate fluorescent lighting conditions were used to examine readability within a 3–dimensional interior space. The Kelvin temperature of the lamps ranged from 3000°K to 6250°K.
Analysis
The analysis of variance (ANOVA) split–plot technique was used to determine which study variables affected sign readability. Pairwise t–tests employing the Bonferroni Method for multiple comparisons were used to make 5 investigations.
Key Findings
Contrast of value and illuminance contrast ratio levels were dominant factors in readability for the older adult sample. Value differences between text and background combinations were more readable than hue differences. Eight of the 10 chromatic combinations were as readable as the white and black control.
Conclusions
Three sign readability effects were identified, providing a broad base for future research on sign readability. These effects include contrast of value and illuminance contrast ratio levels, contrast of hue, and the spectral power distribution curve of the illuminating light source. Expanding these effects can further determine how lighting color and hue, value, and chroma interact to affect sign readability for older adults.
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