McAllisterJ. C.III, “Health Systems Pharmacy Editor's Note: The White Coat Ceremony,” Top 200 Drugs in 2004, Pharmacy Times71, no. 5 (2005): 53, available at <http://www.pharmacytimes.com/issues/articles/2005–05_2264.asp> (last visited March 11, 2009).
8.
See DenzinMettlin, supra note 1, at 378.
9.
Id.
10.
See Anderson, supra note 2, at 2374.
11.
Id.
12.
Id., at 2373.
13.
IndritzM. E. S.ArtzM. B., “Value Added to Health by Pharmacists,”Social Science & Medicine48, no. 5 (1999): 647–660.
This seems to be a form of the “ought” implies “can” principle: If it is true that Jared ought to do A, then it must also be true that he can do A.
16.
SchulzR. M.BrushwoodD. B., “The Pharmacist's Role in Patient Care,”The Hastings Center Report21, no. 1 (1991): 12–17.
17.
Id., at 12.
18.
Id., at 13–14.
19.
FadenR.BeckerC.LewisC., “Disclosure of Information to Patients in Medical Care,”Medical Care19, no. 7 (1981): 718–33; HarrisL., “Views of Informed Consent and Decision Making: Parallel Surveys of Physicians and the Public,”Making Health Care Decisions: The Ethical and Legal Implications of Informed Consent in the Patient-Practitioner Relationship, volume two: Appendices, President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research, ed. (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1982):17–316; WaitzkinH., “Doctor-Patient Communication: Clinical Implications of Social Scientific Research,”JAMA252, no. 17 (1984): 2441–2446.
20.
In the most recent annual Gallup poll (Nov/Dec 2007), 71 percent of people rated pharmacists as having very high/high in honesty and ethical standards ranking third behind only nurses and grade school teachers on the list of most trusted professions. Only 64 percent of people rated medical doctors as highly, and 7 percent of people rated them low/very low on this scale: JonesJ.M., Lobbyists Debut at Bottom of Honesty and Ethics List, available at <http://www.gallup.com/poll/103123/Lobbyists-Debut-Bottom-Honesty-Ethics-List.aspx> (last visited March 11, 2009).
21.
Code of Ethics for Pharmacists, supra note 3.
22.
Id.
23.
See ASHP Mission and Vision, supra note 6.
24.
Id.
25.
“Oath of a Pharmacist,”supra note 11.
26.
KeelyJ. L., “Pharmacist Scope of Practice,”Annuls of Internal Medicine136, no. 4 (2002): 76–85.
27.
Id., at 80.
28.
Id., at 81.
29.
SmithW. W.RayM. D.ShannonD. M., “Physicians' Expectations of Pharmacists,”American Journal of Health-Systems Pharmacy59, no. 1 (2001): 50–57, at 56.
30.
Id., at 56.
31.
MyhraS. G., “Pharmacist's Duty to Warn in Texas,”Review of Litigation18, no. 27 (1999): 27–84.
32.
Id., at 56.
33.
Id.
34.
Id.
35.
GouldO. N.WasylikiwL.RogersE. E.MacPhersonM., “Pharmacist or Physician: Age Differences in Satisfaction with Medical Advice,”Canadian Journal on Aging25, no. 2 (2006): 207–17.
36.
Id., at 207.
37.
WorleyM. M.SchommerK. C.CrownL. M., “Pharmacists' and Patients' Roles in the Pharmacist-Patient Relationship: Are Pharmacists Reading from the Same Relationship Script?”Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy3, no. 1 (2007): 47–69.
38.
Id.
39.
Again, they would be doing so on the basis of neither doubts about the patient's competency nor to prevent some clear harm done to the patient, but on the basis of their own personal beliefs about emergency contraception.