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2.
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3.
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4.
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5.
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6.
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7.
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8.
See Saleem, supra note 6; LappinG., “Use of Microdosing to Predict Pharmacokinetics at the Therapeutic Dose: Experience with 5 Drugs,”Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics80, no. 3 (2006): 203–15.
9.
A search on the Web site <Clinicaltrials.gov> turned up zero hits for various spellings of microdos* or micro-dos*; and only one protocol containing “phase 0” in its title, available at <http://clinicaltrials.gov> (last visited August 2, 2007).
10.
TwomblyR., “Slow Start to Phase 0 as Researchers Cebate Value,”Journal of the National Cancer Institute98, no. 12 (2006): 804–6.
11.
See Korieth, supra note 5.
12.
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See Korieth, supra note 5.
17.
See Newell, supra note 15; NewellD. R., “Evaluation of Rodent-Only Toxicology for Early Clinical Trials with Novel Cancer Therapeutics,”British Journal of Cancer81, no. 5 (1999): 760–8.
18.
GrieshaberC. K.MarsoniS., “Relation of Preclinical Toxicology to Findings in Early Clinical Trials,”Cancer Treatment Report70, no. 1 (1986): 65–72.
19.
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22.
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23.
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24.
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See Wadman, supra note 13.
26.
See Food and Drug Administration, supra note 1.
27.
See Food and Drug Administration, supra note 3.
28.
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29.
See Twombly, supra note 10.
30.
CombesR. D., “Early Microdose Drug Studies in Human Volunteers Can Minimise Animal Testing: Proceedings of a Workshop Organised by Volunteers in Research and Testing,”European Journal Pharmaceutical Sciences19, no. 1 (2003): 1–11.
31.
See Lappin, supra note 8.
32.
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33.
See Twombly, supra note 10.
34.
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35.
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36.
BouchieA., “Clinical Trial Data: To Disclose or Not to Disclose,”Nature Biotechnology24, no. 9 (2006): 1058–60.
37.
General Principles of the IND Submission, 21 CFR 312.22
38.
See Food and Drug Administration, supra note 1; De GruttolaV. G., “Considerations in the Evaluation of Surrogate Endpoints in Clinical Trials: Summary of a National Institutes of Health Workshop,”Control Clinical Trials22 (2001): 485–502; BastR. C., “Translational Crossroads for Biomarkers,”Clinical Cancer Research11, no. 17 (2005): 6103–8; KaiserJ., “Private + Public = Progress,”Science314, no. 5797 (2006): 235; KummarS.GutierrezM.DoroshowJ. H.MurgoA. J., “Drug Development in Oncology: Classic Cytotoxics and Molecularly Targeted Agents,”British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology62, no. 1 (2006): 15–26.
39.
See Branca, supra note 24.
40.
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