Jewish Perspectives on the Use of Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis

Babylonian Talmud, Ketubot 60b-6la.

Clayton H. B. Schieve L. A. Peterson H. B. , “Ectopic Pregnancy Risk with Assisted Reproductive Technology Procedures,” Obstetrics & Gynecology 107, no. 3 (2006): 595–604; Papanikolaou E. G. Pozzobon C. Kolibianakis E. M. , “Incidence and Prediction of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome in Women Undergoing Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Antagonist In Vitro Fertilization Cycles,” Fertility and Sterility 85, no. 1 (January 2006): 112–20; Gorkemli H. Camus M. Clasen K. , “Adnexal Torsion After Gonadotrophin Ovulation Induction for IVF or ICSI and Its Conservative Treatment,” Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 267, no. 1 (November 2002): 4–6.

Brinton L. A. Lamb E. Moghissi K. , “Ovarian Cancer Risk after the Use of Ovulation-Stimulating Drugs,” Obstetrics & Gynecology 103, no. 6 (2004): 1194–1203.

American Society for Reproductive Medicine Web site, available at <http://www.asrm.org> (last visited July 20, 2007).

Shahine L. K. Caughey A. B. , “Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis: The Earliest Form of Prenatal Diagnosis,” Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation 60, no. 1 (2005): 39–46.

Flug J. , “A Boy or a Girl? The Ethics of Preconception Sex Selection,” Journal of Halakhah and Contemporary Society 48 (Fall 2004): 5–27.

Leviticus 19:16.

Genesis 1:28.

Babylonian Talmud, Berachot 10a.

Kook A. , Sheilot U'teshuvot Mishpat Kohein (Responsa of the Priestly Law), (Jerusalem: Mosad Harav Kook, 1965): 144.

Babylonian Talmud, Berachot 43a.

Savulescu J. , “Procreative Beneficence: Why We Should Select the Best Children,” Bioethics 19, no. 1 (October 2001): 12–28.

Babylonian Talmud, Pesahim 25b.

See, for example, Holtug N. , “Against Human Gene Therapy,” Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 6, no. 2 (1997): 157–174; Buchanan A. , “Choosing Who Will Be Disabled: Genetic Intervention and the Morality of Inclusion,” Social Philosophy and Policy 13, no. 2 (1996): 18–45; and Houghton H. , “Does Prenatal Diagnosis Discriminate against the Disabled?” in McKie J. , ed., Ethical Issues in Prenatal Diagnosis and Termination of Pregnancy (Melbourne: Center for Human Bioethics, 1994): 97–102.

Gillam L. , “Prenatal Diagnosis and Discrimination against the Disabled,” Journal of Medical Ethics 25, no. 2 (April 1999): 163–171.

Wertz D. C. Fletcher J. C. , “Feminist Criticism of Prenatal Diagnosis: A Response,” Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology 36, no. 3 (1993): 541–547.

Personal correspondence to Grazi Richard Dr. as cited in Grazi R. Wolowelsky J. , “Preimplantation Sex Selection and Genetic Screening in Contemporary Jewish Law and Ethics,” Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics 9, no. 4 (1992): 318–322.

See, for example, Baxter C. Cummins R. Polak S. , “A Longitudinal Study of Parental Stress and Support: From Diagnosis of Disability to Leaving School,” International Journal of Disability, Development, and Education 42, no. 2 (1995): 125–136; Cahill B. M. Gidden L. M. , “Influence of Child Diagnosis on Family and Parental Functioning: Down Syndrome Versus Other Disabilities,” American Journal of Mental Retardation 101, no. 2 (1996): 149–160; Ferguson P. M. , “Mapping the Family: Disability Studies and the Exploration of Parental Response to Disability,” in Albrecht G. L. Seelman K. D. Bury M. , eds., Handbook of Disability Studies (Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 2001); Gallimore R. Weisner T. S. Kaufman S. Z. , “The Social Construction of Ecocultural Niches: Family Accommodation of Developmentally Delayed Children,” American Journal of Mental Retardation 94, no. 3 (1989): 216–230; Krauss M. W. , “Child-Related and Parenting Stress: Similarities and Differences between Mothers and Fathers of Children with Disabilities,” American Journal of Mental Retardation 97, no. 4 (1993): 393–404.

See, for example, Speraw S. , “Spiritual Experiences of Parents and Caregivers Who Have Children with Disabilities or Special Needs,” Issues in Mental Health Nursing 27, no. 2 (February-March 2006): 213–230.

Asch A. Wasserman D. , “Where Is the Sin in Synecdoche? Prenatal Testing and the Parent-Child Relationship,” in Wasserman D. Bickenbach J. Wachbroit R. , eds., Quality of Life and Human Difference Genetic Testing, Health Care, and Disability (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005): 172–216.

See, for example, Bleich J. D. , “Hazardous Medical Procedures,” Tradition 37, no. 3 (2003): 76–100; see also Ettinger D. , Pe'er Tachat Efer (Splendor Under the Dust) (Jerusalem: Devir, 1988): 57–92.

Weiner Y. , Rapo Yerapai (Surely You Must Heal) (Jerusalem: Jerusalem Center for Research, 1995): 121–134.

Babylonian Talmud, Yevamot 69b.

Nebentzal A. , “The Rights of Inheritors to Frozen Reproductive Seed,” Techumin 17, no. 1 (1993): 347–348.

See, for example, the comments of Rabbi Shmuel Wosner as cited in Freidlander A. , Sefer Chasdei Avraham, Haholeh B'halakhah (Book for the Pious Ones of Abraham, The Sick Person in Jewish Law) (Brooklyn: Hakulmus, 1999): 312–317.

Feinstein M. , Iggrot Moshe (The Letters of Moses), vol. 1 (New York: Moriyah, 1959): At letter 62.

As cited in Nishmat Avraham (The Breath of Abraham), vol. 1 (Jerusalem: Schlesinger Institute, 1992): at 5.

Mackler A. , “In Vitro Fertilization,” in Abelson K. Fine D. , eds., Responsa: 1991–2000, The Committee on Jewish Law and Standards of the Conservative Movement (New York: The Rabbinical Assembly, 2002): 510–525.

Daichovsky S. , “Breira Teremubar U'ma'amado Shel Kedemubar” (Preimplantation Selection and the Status of the Preembryo), Assia 20, no. 1 (2006): 73–75.

Frank T. S. Deffenbaugh A. M. Reid J. E. , “Clinical Characteristics of Individuals with Germline Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2: Analysis of 10,000 Individuals,” Journal of Clinical Oncology 20, no. 6 (March 15, 2002): 1480–90.

Benito A. Diaz M. A. Gonzalez-Vicent M. , “Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Using Umbilical Cord Blood Progenitors: Review of Current Clinical Results,” Bone Marrow Transplantation 33, no. 7 (2004): 675–690.

Tiercy J. M. Bujan-Lose M. Chapuis B. , “Bone Marrow Transplantation with Unrelated Donors: What Is the Probability of Identifying an HLA-A/B/Cw/DRB1/B3/DQB1- Matched Donor?” Bone Marrow Transplantation 26, no. 4 (August 2000): 437–441.

Wagner J. E. Davies S. M. Auerbach A. D. , “Hematopietic Cell Transplantation in the Treatment of Fanconi Anemia,” in Thomas E. D. Blume K. G. Forman S. J. , eds., Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (Malden, MA: Blackwell Science, 1999): 1204–1219.

Pennings G. Schots R. Liebaers I. , “Ethical Considerations on Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis for HLA Typing to Match a Future Child as a Donor of Haematopoietic Stem Cells to a Sibling,” Human Reproduction 17, no. 3 (2002): 534–538.

Auerbach A. D. , “Umbilical Cord Transplants for Genetic Disease: Diagnostic and Ethical Issues in Fetal Studies,” Blood Cells 20, nos. 2–3 (1994): 303–309.

Wolf S. Kahn J. Wagner J. , “Using Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis to Create a Stem Cell Donor: Issues, Guidelines & Limits,” Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 31, no. 3 (2003): 327–339.

Feinstein M. , Iggrot Moshe (The Letters of Moses), vol. 3 (New York: Moriyah, 1959): At letter 90.

Genesis 1:28.

Rosner F. , Biomedical Ethics and Jewish Law (Hoboken, NJ: Ktav Publishing, 2001): 165–173.

Schenker J. , “Gender Selection: Cultural and Religious Perspectives,” Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics 19, no. 9 (September 2002): 400–410; Grazi R. Wolowelsky J. , “Genetic Screening and Preimplantation Sex Selection in Halakhah,” Le'ela 36 (Summer 1993), available at <http://www.daat.ac.il/daat/english/ethic/genetic_1.htm> (last visited August 21, 2007).

Id. (Grazi and Wolowelsky), at responsa of Yigal Shafran and Yitzhak Zilberman.