Journey of Man, DVD, directed by Spencer Wells, Tigress Productions (PBS Home Video, 2003). Wells is also the author of the related book by the same name.
See, for example, HarryD.KaneheL. 'a Malia, “Genetic Research: Collecting Blood to Preserve Culture?”Cultural Survival Quarterly29, no. 4 (January 2006): 34; PennisiE., “Private Partnership to Trace Human History,”Science308, no. 5720 (April 15, 2005): 340; GreelyH., “Lessons from the HGDP?”Science308, no. 4728 (June 10, 2005): 1554–55.
7.
Cavalli-SforzaL.WilsonA. C.CantorC. R.Cook-DeeganR. M.KingM. C., “Call for a Worldwide Survey of Human Genetic Diversity: A Vanishing Opportunity for the Human Genome Project,”Genomics11, no. 2 (October 1991): 490–91.
The Genographic Project, “Frequently Asked Questions: Question 2,” National Geographic Web site, available at <https://www3.nationalgeographic.com/genographic/faqs_privacy.html> (last visited June 8, 2007); WellsS., “Genetic Research: How Much We Have to Learn,”Cultural Survival Quarterly29.4 (January 2006): 34.
10.
ReardonJ., Race to the Finish: Identity and Governance in an Age of Genomics (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2005).
11.
Id.
12.
See DaltonR., “When Two Tribes Go to War,”Nature430 (July 29, 2004): 500–502; Editorial, “Tribal Culture Versus Genetics,”Nature430 (July 29, 2004): 489; Tilousi v. Arizona State University, No. 04-CV-1290 (D. Ariz. 2005), available at <http://www.whoownsyourbody.org/havasupai-arizona.pdf)> (last visited June 13, 2007); excerpts from the investigative report by
13.
HartS.SobraskeK., “Investigative Report Concerning the Medical Genetics Project at Havasupai,” (unpublished investigative report) December 23, 2003, available at Arizona State University Law Library.
14.
Id. (Dalton); Id. (Hart and Sobraske).
15.
See Tilousi, supra note 12; id. (Hart and Sobraske).
The Rediff Interview, “Dr. Spencer Wells: ‘We Are All Africans Under the Skin,’” Rediff Web site, available at <http://www.rediff.com/news/2002/nov/27inter.htm> (last visited June 8, 2007).
CannR. S.StonekingM.WilsonA. C., “Mitochondrial DNA and Human Evolution,”Nature325 (1987): 31–36.
23.
See The Rediff Interview, supra note 19.
24.
Id.
25.
MudimbeV. Y., The Invention of Africa (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1988).
26.
Quoting from T. Hodgkin, Nationalism in Colonial Africa (New York: New York University Press, 1957) in id. In his opening chapter, “Discourse of Power and Knowledge of Otherness,” Mudimbe references Hodgkin's classic treatment of the politics of late colonial Africa, particularly the Rousseauian image of the continent. Mudimbe notes the co-existence of seemingly contradictory myths of African otherness.
27.
GouldS. J., “American Polygeny and Craniometry Before Darwin,” in HardingS., ed., The “Racial” Economy of Science: Toward a Democratic Future (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1993): At 84–115; StockingG., Race, Culture and Evolution: Essays in the History of Anthropology (New York: The Free Press, 1968).
Human Genome Diversity Project, Human Genome Diversity Workshop 1 (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1992): At 9; see Cavalli-Sforza, supra note 7; Human Genome Diversity Project, Human Genome Diversity Workshop 2 (State College, PA: Penn State University, 1992); Reardon, supra note 10.
32.
MarksJ., Human Biodiversity: Genes, Race, and History (New York: Aldine de Gruyter, 1995); see Stocking, supra note 26.
33.
This view on indigenous survival is the very foundation of the fields of American Indian, Native American and Indigenous Studies. Affirming the survival of peoples and promoting their greater well-being is the reason that there even exists an international “indigenous” movement.
34.
WilsonW. A.SchommerW. C., Remember This! Dakota Decolonization and the Eli Taylor Narratives (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2005). Non-Dakota thinkers have also treated the 1862 War at length, providing valuable insights, particularly into U.S. Indian policy that led to the war (AndersonG. C., Little Crow: Spokesman for the Sioux [St. Paul: Minnesota Historical Society Press, 1986] and MeyerR. W., History of the Santee Sioux: United States Indian Policy on Trial [Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1967]). But when I say that 1862 is a prominent figure in our understanding of our Dakotaness today, I do not want to mislead the reader by citing non-Dakota thinkers. We do not acquire our understanding of who we are in relation to 1862 by reading the necessarily narrow works of non-Dakota historians. The various Dakota communities throughout the upper Midwest and parts of Canada since 1862 have lived a history largely untreated in the scholarly literature. That is why the book by Wilson and Schommer – two Dakota thinkers – is so important. Throughout Dakota country, we refer daily to 1862, and Wilson and Schommer foreground Dakota narratives of that history. The many other citations that should be here – narratives handed down from my great-grandfather (his great-grandfather was Te-oyate-duta, a reluctant leader of the Dakota effort in 1862) to my mother and to many other family members – are largely undocumented.
35.
See Press Release, supra note 5.
36.
HarryD.DukepooF. C., Indians, Genes and Genetics: What Indians Should Know about the New Biotechnology (Nixon, NV: Indigenous Peoples Coalition Against Biopiracy, 1998).
37.
HurstT. D., Skull Wars: Kennewick Man, Archaeology, and the Battle for Native American Identity (New York: Basic Books, 2000).
38.
Id.;BrandtA. L., “Suit Over Kennewick Man Revived,”The Associated Press, October 26, 2000; ChattersJ., “Encounter with an Ancestor,”Anthropology Newsletter, January 1997, at 9–10; CollS., “The Body in Question,”The Washington Post, June 3, 2001; LeeM., “Politics of the Past,”The Tri-City Herald (Kennewick, WA), December 26, 1999; LeeM., “Recasting the Past: Day Three. No Turning Back on the Kennewick Man,”Kennewick Man Virtual Interpretive Center Web site, December 28, 1999, available at <http://www.kennewick-man.com/kman/series/index.html> (last visited June 10, 2007).
Indigenous Peoples Council on Biocolonialism, “IPCB Comments Regarding the Genographic Project's Request for Proposals for the Legacy Fund,” February 16, 2006, available at <http://www.ipcb.org/issues/human_genetics/htmls/legacy-fund_rfp.html> (last visited March 2, 2007). I received the forwarded e-mail notice from multiple contacts during 2006 and early 2007.
44.
See Press Release, supra note 28.
45.
The Genographic Project, “Indigenous Representatives Talk about Their Migratory Histories,” video clip on National Geographic Web site, available at <https://www3.nationalgeographic.com/genographic/index.html> (last visited and transcribed October 25, 2005). Unfortunately, when accessed on December 10, 2005, the link to the video clip was no longer available. Repeated requests for a copy of the video remain unfulfilled.
46.
See Reardon, supra note 10.
47.
See Fox KellerE., Refiguring Life: Metaphors of Twentieth-Century Biology (New York: Columbia University Press, 1995).
Not unlike the Mashpee Wampanoag that James Clifford high-lights in his essay, (“Identity in Mashpee,”The Predicament of Culture [Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1988]: At 285), the Seaconke Wampanoag would appear to be challenged by dominant societal racial images of what constitutes a “real” Indian. Clifford describes the cultural politics at play in courtroom exchanges during the 1977 trial in which the Mashpee Wampanoag Tribal Council, Inc. sued for the return of 16,000 acres of land, or three-quarters of the town of Mashpee, Massachusetts. Similarly to other eastern tribes, the Mashpee Wampanoag had intermarried extensively with other peoples and did not appear strongly Indian according to idealized standards. Clifford observes that some “could pass for black, others for white.”52. Seaconke Wampanoag Tribe, “Favorite Tribal Photos,”available at <http://www.seaconkewampanoagtribe.com/id2.html> (last visited May 23, 2007).
Id.;SaksenaV., “Seaconke Wampanoag's Share Their Culture with the Region,” September 8, 2005, East Bay RI Web site, available at <http://www.eastbayri.com/story/290685182316584.php> (last visited May 23, 2007).
56.
See Clifford, supra note 51.
57.
McCullochA. M.WilkinsD. E., “‘Constructing’ Nations within States: The Quest for Federal Recognition by the Catawba and Lumbee Tribes,”American Indian Quarterly19, no. 3 (Summer 1995): 361–388.
58.
See Seaconke Wampanoag Tribe, supra note 49.
59.
Id.
60.
The Genographic Project, “Indigenous Representatives Talk About Their Migratory Histories,” video on National Geographic Web site, available at <https://www3.nationalgeographic.com/genographic/index.html> (last visited June 20, 2007).
61.
Id
62.
Id.
63.
Id.
64.
Id.
65.
Id.
66.
JasanoffS., Designs on Nature: Science and Democracy in Europe and the United States (Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2005).
