Kentucky Association of Health Plans,Inc. v. Miller

Kentucky Ass'n of Health Plans, Inc. v. Miller, 123 S.Ct. 1471, 1474 (2003).

See Rush, Prudential HMO, Inc. v. Moran, 536 U.S. 355 (2002) (upholding state law that required outside review of an HMO's refusal to authorize a treatment and holding that a state can require health plans to pay for review by an independent board).

U.S. Department of Labor, Employee Retirement Income Security Act – ERISA, at <http://www.dol.gov/dol/topic/health-plans/erisa.htm> (last visited April 22, 2003).

29 U.S.C.A. § 1144(a) (1974).

29 U.S.C.A. § 1144(b)(2)(A) (1974).

15 U.S.C. § 1012.

KRS § 304.17A-270 (1994).

KRS § 304.17A171(2) (1994).

Albeit T. , “High Court Punches Another Hole in the Federal Law Shielding HMO's,” AMNews, at <http://www.ama-assn.org/sci-pubs/amnews/avantgo/content/g10421.htm> (last visited April 22, 2003). See also Freudenheim M. , “Industry Says Decision Won't Set Back Managed Care,” New York Times, April 3, 2003, at A17.

Greenhouse L. , “States Can Force H.M.O.'s to Accept Any Qualified Doctor, Supreme Court Rules,” New York Times, April 3, 2003, at A17.

Freudenheim , supra note 10.

Kentucky Ass'n of Health Plans, Inc. v. Nichols, 227 F.3d 352, 366 (Ky. 2000).

Id., citing 15 U.S.C. § 1012. The Sixth Circuit found that all three of the required factors were met.

See Prudential Ins. Co. of America v. National Park Medical Center, Inc., 154 F.3d 812 (1998).

See Miller, 123 S.Ct. 1471 at 1474.

Id. at 1475.

Id. at 1476.

Albert , supra note 10.

Miller, 123 S.Ct. 1471 at 1478.

Id. at 1479.

Id. at 1477.

Id. at 1478.

Freudenheim , supra note 10.

Alliance of American Insurers, Alliance Disappointed with Supreme Court Ruling on HMOs, at <http://www.allianceai.org/SearchPublicdisplay.asp?docpath=/documents/NewsReleases/html/BUNEWS-03-77.htm> (last visited April 21, 2003).

Gardner A. , “No Fast Changes Seen in High Court Ruling on HMOs,” Principal Health News, at <http://www.principalhealthnews.com/article/hscoutn/103426286> (last visited April 21, 2003).

Alliance of American Insurers, supra note 33.

Albert , supra note 10.

Freudenheim , supra note 10.