Freedom of Conscience,Professional Responsibility,and Access to Abortion

Daar Judith F. , “A Clash at the Bedside: Patient Autonomy v. a Physician's Professional Conscience,” Hastings Law Journal, 44 (1993): 1241–89.

Loftus Irene P. , “I Have a Conscience, Too: The Plight of Medical Personnel Confronting the Right to Die,” Notre Dame Law Review, 65 (1990): 699–730.

112 S. Ct. 2791 (1992).

Planned Parenthood v. Casey, 114 S. Ct. 909 (1994) (refusing to issue a stay on enforcing waiting period in Pennsylvania law).

Henshaw Stanley K. Van Vort Jennifer , “Abortion Services in the United States, 1991 and 1992,” Family Planning Perspectives, 26, no. 3 (1994): 112.

Shelton James D. Brann Edward A. Schulz Kenneth F. , “Abortion Utilization: Does Travel Distance Matter?,” Family Planning Perspectives, 8, no. 6 (1976): 260–62. See also Fung Archon , “Making Rights Real: Roe's Impact on Abortion Access,” Politics & Society, 21, no. 4 (1993): 465–504.

“ACOG Poll: Ob-Gyns' Support for Abortion Unchanged Since 1971,” Family Planning Perspectives, 17, no. 6 (1985): 275.

Orr Margaret T. Forrest Jacqueline D. , “The Availability of Reproductive Health Services from U.S. Private Physicians,” Family Planning Perspectives, 17, no. 2 (1985): 63–69.

Darney Philip D. Landy Uta MacPherson Sara , “Abortion Training in U.S. Obstetrics and Gynecology Residency Programs,” Family Planning Perspectives, 19, no. 4 (1987): 158–62.

Cooper Helene , “Medical Schools, Students Shun Abortion Study,” The Wall Street Journal, Mar. 12, 1993, sec. B1.

Westoff Carolyn Marks Frances Rosenfeld Allan , “Residency Training in Contraception, Sterilization, and Abortion,” Obstetrics & Gynecology, 81, no. 2 (1993): 311–14.

Seelye Katherine Q. , “Enter RU-486, Exit Hype,” The New York Times, May 22, 1994, sec. 4, 16.

Id. See also Silvestre Louise Dubois Catherine Renault Maguy , “Voluntary Interruption of Pregnancy With Mifepristone (RU 486) and a Prostaglandin Analogue,” New England Journal of Medicine, 322, no. 10 (1990): 645–48.

Darnton Nina , “Surprising Journey for Abortion Drug,” The New York Times, Mar. 23, 1994, sec. B6.

Blendon Robert J. Benson John M. Donelan Karen , “The Public and the Controversy over Abortion,” JAMA, 270 (1993): 2871–75.

Planned Parenthood v. Casey, 112 S. Ct. at 2807; and Ginsberg Ruth B. , “Some Thoughts on Autonomy and Equality in Relation to Roe v. Wade,” North Carolina Law Review, 63 (1985): 375–86.

Henshaw Vort Van , supra note 5, at 101.

Benshoof Janet , “Planned Parenthood v. Casey: The Impact of the New Undue Burden Standard on Reproductive Health Care,” JAMA, 269 (1993): 2249–57.

Rimer Sara , “Forceps and Fear on Abortion Circuit,” The New York Times, Sept. 3, 1993, sec. A1.

Mirvis David M. , “Physicians' Autonomy—The Relation Between Public and Professional Expectations,” New England Journal of Medicine, 328, no. 18 (1993): 1346–49.

Daniels Norman , “Duty to Treat or Right to Refuse?,” Hastings Center Report, 21, no. 2 (1991): 36–46.

Darr , supra note 1. See also Blustein Jeffrey , “Doing What the Patient Orders: Maintaining Integrity in the Doctor-Patient Relationship,” Bioethics, 7, no. 4 (1993): 289–314.

Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs, American Medical Association, “Mandatory Parental Consent to Abortion,” JAMA, 269 (1993): 82–86; American Medical Association, “Public Funding of Abortion Services,” Policy Compendium (1992): Sec. 5.998; American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, “Confidentiality in Adolescent Health Care,” ACOG Statement of Policy (1988); American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, “ACOG Policy on Abortion,” ACOG Statement of Policy (1993); and American Medical Women's Association, “Abortion,” AMWA Resolutions Booklet, (1960–1992): Secs. 1989.3, 1991.1, 1991.3.

Cans Janet E. Rinaldi Robert C. Loeb Jerod , “Abortion Mortality Trends,” JAMA, 269, no. 17 (1993): 2211–12.

Dezell Maureen , “Stalked by Fear,” Boston Phoenix, Apr. 23, 1993, sec. 1, 22.

Howe Edmund G. , “On Expanding the Parameters of Assisted Suicide, Directive Counseling, and Overriding Patients' Cultural Beliefs,” Journal of Clinical Ethics, 4, no. 2 (1993): 107–11.

Chervenak Frank A. McCullough Laurence B. , “Does Obstetric Ethics Have Any Role in the Obstetrician's Response to the Abortion Controversy?,” American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 163, no. 5 (1990): 1425–29.

Darney Landy MacPherson , supra note 9.

Grimes David A. , “Clinicians Who Provide Abortions: The Thinning Ranks,” Obstetrics & Gynecology, 80, no. 4 (1992): 719–23.

Chervenak McCullough , supra note 28.

Henshaw Vort Van , supra note 5.

Darney Landy MacPherson , supra note 9.

Orr Forrest , supra note 8.

Miles Steven H. Singer Peter A. Siegler Mark , “Conflicts Between Patients' Wishes to Forgo Treatment and the Policies of Health Care Facilities,” New England Journal of Medicine, 321, no. 1 (1989): 48–50.

Grimes , supra note 30.

Darney Landy MacPherson , supra note 9.

Benshoof , supra note 18; Smothers Ronald , “Abortion Doctor and Bodyguard Slain in Florida,” The New York Times, July 30, 1994, sec. A1; and Lewin Tamar , “Clinic Firebombed in Pennsylvania,” The New York Times, Sept. 30, 1993, sec. A16.

Rohter Larry , “Doctor is Slain During Protest over Abortions,” The New York Times, Mar. 11, 1993, sec. A1.

Grimes , supra note 30.

Id.; and Freedman Mary A. Jillson David A. Coffin Roberta R. , “Comparison of Complication Rates in First Trimester Abortions Performed by Physician Assistants and Physicians,” American Journal of Public Health, 76, no. 5 (1986): 550–54.

Grimes , supra note 30.

“The Unfinished Abortion Battle (editorial),” The New York Times, May 12, 1993, sec. A18.

Pub. L. No. 103–259, 108 Stat. 694 (1994).

Center for Reproductive Law & Policy, “A Woman's Right to Choose After Planned Parenthood v. Casey,” July 20, 1994.

Hinds Michael D. , “Anti-Abortion Drive Surprisingly Quiet,” The New York Times, July 15, 1993, sec. A16.