The Long Dying of Nancy Cruzan

Cruzan v. Director, Missouri Dept. of Health, 110 S.Ct. 2841 (1990).

Bopp Marzen , “Cruzan: Facing the Inevitable” Law, Medicine & Health Care 19:1–2, Spring'/Summer, 1991, pp. 37–51.

Estate of Nancy Beth Cruzan v. Harmon, Estate No. CV384–98, Cir. Ct., Jasper Co., Mo. July 27, 1988. Portions of this section are adapted from Annas, “The Insane Root Takes Reason Prisoner,” Hastings Center Report, Jan/Feb 1989, 29–31.

Cruzan v. Harmon, 760 S.W. 2d 408 (Mo. 1988) (en banc).

In re Quinlan, 70 N.J. 10, 355 A.2d 647, cert. den. sub. nom. Garger v. New Jersey, 429 U.S. 922. (1976).

In re Jobes, 108 N.J. 394, 529 A.2d 434 (1987); In re Conroy, 98 N.J. 321, 486 A.2d. 1209 (1985).

In re Storar, 52 N.Y. 2d 363, 420 N.E. 2d 64, cert. den. 454 U.S. 858 (1981).

West, “Taking Freedom Seriously,” 104 Harv. L. Rev. 43, 100 (1989).

Supra note 1. Portions of this section are adapted from Annas, “Nancy Cruzan and the Right to Die,” 323 New Engl J Med 670–673 (1990).

Storar , supra note 7.

In re Westchester Co. Medical Center on behalf of O'Connor, 581 N.E. 2d 607 (NY 1988).

For a more complete discussion of the fluids and nutrition issue see Cantor , “The Permanently Unconscious Patient, Non-Feeding and Euthanasia,” 15 Am. J. Law & Med. 381–438 (1989).

Marzen , “‘Insane Roots and Serpent's Teeth’: Death and the Law in 1988,” in The Triumph of Hope: A Pro-Life Review of 1988 and a Look to the Future ( Andrusko D , Ed.), National Right to Life Committee, Washington, D.C., 1989, pp. 159–170.

A photo of Ms. Busalacchi from the videotape ran in the New York Times. “State Makes Public Videotape in Right-to-Die Case,” N.Y. Times, Feb. 5, 1991 at B6. See, e.g., Berthiaume v. Pratt, 365 A.2d 762 (Me. 1976).

Supra note 13 at 166. (emphasis in original)

The history of the Baby Doe rules is chronicled in Elias S. Annas G.J. , Reproductive Genetics and the Law, Yearbook Med. Pub., Chicago, Ill, 1987 at 168–194.

Webster v. Reproductive Health Services, 109 S. Ct. 3040 (1989), and see Annas Glantz & Mariner , “The Right of Privacy Protects the Doctor-Patient Relationship,” 263 JAMA 858 (1990).

Ohio v. Akron Center for Reproductive Health, 110 S.Ct. 2972 (1990).

E.g., In one survey prior to the U.S. Supreme Court's decision, 88 percent of the public thought the family should decide on treatment, 8 percent thought the doctors should decide, one percent the courts, and no one selected the state. Coyle , “How Americans View the High Court,” National L. J., Feb. 26, 1990, 1, 36.

See, e.g., Annas , “Precatory Prediction and Mindless Mimicry,” 18 Hastings Center Report, Dec. 1988 at 31–33.

Sabatino C. P. , Health Care Powers of Attorney. American Bar Association, Chicago, Ill., 1990.

Mass. G. L. 201D [and NY cite].

In re Guardianship of Browning, ____ So.2d ____ (Fla. 1990).

Rosenthal , “Filling the Gap Where a Living Will Won't Do,” N.Y. Times, Jan. 17, 1991 at B9.

Foucault Michel , The History of Sexuality: An Introduction, Vol. 1, Vintage Books, Random House, 1990 at 135–159 (“Right of Death and Power Over Life”).

Id. at 144.

Id. at 145. The “traditional” right of sovereign power was to decide life and death, usually by requiring subjects to wage war, or executing them for disobedience to law.

An insistence on individual rights need not be inconsistent with a simultaneous commitment to work for the common good. See, e.g., Havel V. , Living in Truth ( Vladislav J. ed. 1989) and discussion in Annas , “Mapping the Human Genome and the Meaning of Monster Mythology,” 39 Emory L. J. 629, 658–664 (1990); and West, supra note 8.