Family Responsibility Initiatives and Justice between Age Groups

See State House Notes 42: 7 (March 1984).

Id.

Id.

See Callahan D. , What Do Children Owe Elderly Parents? Hastings Center Report 15(2): 32, 33 (April 1985).

Id. Kapp M.B. , Residents of State Mental Institutions and Their Money (Or the State Giveth and the State Taketh Away), Journal of Psychiatry and the Law 6(3): 287, 305 (Fall 1978).

Preston S.H. Keyfitz N. Schoen R. , Causes of Death: Life Tables for National Populations (Seminar Press, New York, N.Y.) (1972), cited in Treas J. , Family Support Systems for the Aged: Some Social and Demographic Considerations, Gerontologist 17(6): 486 (December 1977).

Vital Statistics of the United States, 1973, Life Tables (National Center on Health Statistics, Rockville, Md.) (1975), cited in Treas , supra note 6, at 486.

U.S. Bureau of the Census. Demographic Aspects of Aging and the Older Population in the United States, Current Population Reports, Series PC-23, no. 59 (United States Gov't Printing Ofc., Washington, D.C.) (1976), tables 3-1, 6-10. Cited in Treas , supra note 6, at 487.

Kobrin F.E. , The Fall of Household Size and the Rise of the Primary Individual in the United States, Demography 13:127–28 (1976), cited in Treas , supra note 6, at 487.

U.S. Bureau of the Census, Demographic Aspects of Aging and the Older Population in the United States (United States Gov't. Printing Ofc., Washington, D.C.) (1976), cited in Treas , supra note 6, at 487.

See, e.g., The American Family in Social-Historical Perspective ( Gordon M. , ed.) (St. Martin's Press, New York, N.Y.) (3rd ed. 1978).

For similar points see English J. , What Do Grown Children Owe Their Parents? in Having Children: Philosophical and Legal Reflections on Parenthood ( O'Neill O. Ruddick W. , eds.) (Oxford University Press, New York, N.Y.) (1979) at 351–56; Callahan , supra note 4, at 35.

English, supra note 12, at 352.

Id. at 351.

Schoeman F. , Rights of Children, Rights of Parents, and the Moral Basis of the Family, Ethics 91(1): 6–19 (October 1980).

See Callahan , supra note 4, at 34 (other comments on English's view).

Allan Buchanan has argued that the enforcement of some duties of charity may be justified because coordination problems otherwise block effective charitable action. Whatever the merits of his application of this argument to health care, one cannot easily appeal to it here. Cf. Buchanan A.E. , The Right to a Decent Minimum of Health Care, Philosophy and Public Affairs 13(1): 55, 70–72 (Winter 1984).

Cf. Shanas E. , The Family as a Social Support System in Old Age, Gerontologist 19(2): 169–74 (April 1979).

Daniels N. , Just Health Care (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, Eng.) (1985) [hereinafter cited as Just Health Care).

Rawls J. , A Theory of Justice (Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass.) (1971).

This requires modifications of Rawls's equal opportunity principle, however. Cf. Just Health Care, supra note 19.

Cf. Just Health Care, supra note 19, at ch. 5; Daniels N. , Equal Opportunity, Justice and Health Care for the Elderly: A Prudential Account, in Geriatrics: Ethical and Economic Conflict for the 21st Century ( Engelhardt T. Spicker S. , eds.) (D. Reidel, Dordrecht, Holland) (1986, in press) [hereinafter cited as Equal Opportunity]

Cf. Zook C.J. Moore F.D. , High-Cost Users of Medical Care, New England Journal of Medicine 302(18): 996(May 1, 1980).

Aaron H. Schwartz W. , The Painful Prescription: Rationing Hospital Care (Brookings Institute, Washington, D.C.) (1984).

Elsewhere I have defended the moral acceptability of age-rationing under specified circumstances. Just Health Care, supra note 19; Equal Opportunity, supra note 22. See Avorn J. , Benefit and Cost Analysis in Geriatric Care. Turning Age Discrimination into Health Policy, New England Journal of Medicine 310(20): 1294–1301 (May 17, 1984).