This study reports the results of a survey of eighty owners of new ventures in Poland. The purpose of the survey was to assess the problems faced by small business owners and prospective small business owners in this emerging democracy. The sample was almost evenly split between family businesses and nonfamily businesses, which allowed for comparisons between family business issues in Poland and in the United States and between family and nonfamily business in Poland.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Armington, C., & Odle, M. (1982). Small business–how many jobs?Brookings Review.
2.
Birch, D. L. (1981). Who creates jobs?Public Interest, 65, 3–14.
3.
Birch, D. L. (1987). Job creation in America. New York: Free Press.
4.
Campbell, C. (1988). Change agents in the new economy: Business incubators and economic development. Report for the Charles Stewart Mott Foundation. Minneapolis: Hubert H. Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs, University of Minnesota.
5.
Herbolzheimer, E., & Ouane, H. (1985). The transfer of technology to developing countries by small and medium-sized enterprises of developed countries. Trade and Development, 6, 131–148.
6.
Hoy, F. (1992). Strategic management and the family firm. UCLA International Research Symposium on Family and Close-Held Business, Los Angeles.
7.
Hoy, F. (in press). Entrepreneurship: A strategy for rural development. In T. Riley (Ed.), Rural Economic Development. Washington, DC: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture.
8.
Hoy, F., & Vaught, B. C. (1980). The rural entrepreneur–A study in frustration. Journal of Small Business Management, 18(1), 19–24.
9.
Light, I., & Bonacich, E. (1988). Immigrant entrepreneurs. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
10.
Ray, D. M., & Trupin, D. V. (1988). A cross–national comparison of entrepreneurs' perceptions of success. In Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research. Wellesley, MA: Babson College.
11.
Scientex Corporation. (1991). The potential for small business development centers in Poland. Washington, DC: Author.
12.
Shapero, A. (1975). Entrepreneurship and economic development. In Schreier, J. W. (Ed.), Entrepreneurship and enterprise development (pp. 633–654). Milwaukee, WI: Center for Venture Management.
13.
Shapero, A. (1985). Why entrepreneurship: A world-wide perspective. Journal of Small Business Management, 23, 1–5.
14.
Siegel, B. (1990). Business creation and local economic development: Why entrepreneurship should be encouraged. In Local Initiatives for Job Creation. Paris: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.
15.
Tate, C. D. Jr., Cox, J., Hoy, F., Scarpello, V., and Stewart, W. (1992). Small business management and entrepreneurship. Boston: PWS-Kent.
16.
Winters, L. J. (1990). Small business and D and B. Unpublished manuscript, USASBE National Conference, San Diego, CA.