Development may be conceptualized as a process of repeated resilient reintegration, and resilience research is expected to identify the complex transactions and processes among internal and external (risk and protective) factors involved in that process. Through presenting a critical review of related research, Wong's article demonstrates the ability of youngsters with learning disabilities (LD) to challenge their difficulties. Wong's perspective helps clarify current conceptual inconsistencies and provides constructive directions for future inquiries in LD resilience research. The present commentary emphasizes two mediating factors within the third wave of resilience research: the critical role of emotions as inner sources of energy and the importance of reciprocity in relations with both adults and peers.
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