Background This study aims to investigate changes that occur during progression and
establishment of physiological and pathological cardiac hypertrophy, by
microarray technology and functional annotations.
Design and methods Myocardial infarction leading to heart failure was induced in rats, with
animals killed 1, 3, 7, 14, 42, and 92 days after coronary artery ligation. A
second group was subjected to daily treadmill exercise and killed 1, 4, 24, and
48h after a single exercise bout, or after 28 or 56 days of exercise training.
Results Physiological hypertrophy was associated with less transcriptional
alternation than pathological hypertrophy, indicating that posttranscriptional
and translational regulation may be more important. The main difference between
the two types of hypertrophy was that myocardial infarction was associated with
downregulation of genes related to fatty acid metabolism, whereas no such change
occurred after exercise training. Thus, fatty acid metabolism may distinguish
adverse maladaptive hypertrophy from beneficial adaptive hypertrophy.
Conclusion This study points to specific genes and gene classes related to
biological processes that may be important in these well-characterized rat
models of physiological and pathological cardiac hypertrophy.
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