Balsam of Peru (BOP) is a well-known contact allergen that is one of the most prevalent in the United States. For some patients allergic to BOP, external avoidance of fragrance is not enough to eliminate their dermatitis. A BOP avoidance diet has been shown to help many of these patients. This article reviews BOP allergens found in food. A special patch test series of allergens found in BOP along with data regarding which foods contain specific BOP constituents makes it possible to design potential targeted, refined, and simplified diets for BOP systemic contact dermatitis.
HausenB, SimatupangT, BruhnG, et al.Identification of new allergenic constituents and proof of evidence for coniferyl benzoate in balsam of Peru. Am J Contact Dermat, 1995; 6(4): 199–208.
3.
SrivastavaD, CohenD. Identification of the constituents of balsam of Peru in tomatoes. Dermatitis, 2009; 20(2): 99–105.
4.
WarshawEM, BelsitoDV, DeLeoVA, et al.North American Contact Dermatitis Group patch-test results, 2003-2004 study period. Dermatitis, 2008; 19: 129–136.
5.
ApiAM.Only Peru balsam extracts or distillates are used in perfumery. Contact Dermatitis, 2006: 54: 179.
HjorthN.Eczematous Allergy to Balsams, Allied Perfumes, and Flavouring Agents [thesis]. Copenhagen: University of Copenhagen; 1961. p.216.
8.
VeienNK, HattelT, LaurbergG. Can oral challenge with balsam of Peru predict possible benefit from a low balsam diet?. Am J Contact Dermat, 1996; 7: 84–87.
SimonJE, QuinnJ, MurrayRG. Advances in New Crops. Portland, OR: Timber Press; 1990.
11.
JirovetzL, BuchbauerG, StoilovaI, et al.Chemical composition and antioxidant properties of clove leaf essential oil. J Agric Food Chem, 2006; 54(17): 6303–6307.
12.
MaarseH.Volatile Compounds in Foods and Beverages. New York, NY: Marcel Dekker; 1991.
13.
KhanIA.Leung’s Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.; 2009.
14.
ShahidiF.Bailey’s Industrial Oil and Fat Products. 6th ed. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.; 2005 Vol 6.
15.
WinterR.A Consumer’s Dictionary of Food Additives. 7th ed. New York, NY: Three Rivers Press; 2009.
16.
BissetN.Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals: A Handbook for Practice on a Scientific Basis. Stuttgart, Germany: Medpharm Scientific Publishers; 1994.
17.
HuesgenAG.Analysis of Natural and Artificial Vanilla Preparations. Waldbronn, Germany: Agilent Technologies Inc.; 2011.
MuchtaridiR, SubarnasA, ApriyantonoA, et al.Identification of compounds in the essential oil of nutmeg seeds (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) that inhibit locomotor activity in mice. Int J Mol Sci, 2010; 11: 4771–4781.
20.
WinterR.A consumer’s dictionary of food additives: descriptions in plain English of more than 12,000 ingredients both harmful and desirable found in foods. New York, NY: Three Rivers; 2004.
TuanDQ, IlangantilekeSG. Liquid CO2 extraction of essential oil from star anise fruits. J Food Eng, 1997; 31: 47–57.
26.
SchemanAJ, ChaC, JacobS, et al.Food Avoidance Diets for Systemic, Lip and Oral Contact Allergy. Dermatitis, 2012; 23: 248–257.
27.
ShahidiF, NaczkM. Phenolics in Food and Nutraceuticals. Boca Raton, FL: CRC; 2004.
28.
LuthriaD, MukhopadhyayS, KrizekD.Content of total phenolics and phenolic acids in tomato (lycopersicon esculentum mill.) fruits as influenced by cultivar and solar UV radiation. J Food Compost Anal, 2006; 19 (8): 771–777.
29.
SinhaN, HuiY. Handbook of Vegetables and Vegetable Processing. Ames, IA: Wiley-Blackwell; 2011.
30.
WeidnerS, AmarowiczR, KaramaćM, et al.Phenolic acids in caryopses of two cultivars of wheat, rye and triticale that display different resistance to pre-harvest sprouting. Eur Food Res Technol, 1999; 210: 109–113.
31.
WeidnerS, AmarowiczR, KaramaćM, et al.Changes in endogenous phenolic acids during development of Secale cereale caryopses and after dehydration treatment of unripe rye grains. Plant Physiol Biochem, 2000; 38: 595–602.
32.
WeidnerS, KrupaU, AmarowiczR, et al.Phenolic compounds in embryos of triticale caryopses at different stages of development and maturation in normal environment and after dehydration treatment. Euphytica, 2002; 126: 115–122.
Available at: www.wikihow.com. 2005–2012. Accessed July2012.
40.
PrasharA, LockeIC, EvansCS. Cytotoxicity of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) oil and its major components to human skin cells. Cell Prolif, 2006; 39(4): 241–248.
